Emergência de cooperação em sistemas sócio-ecológicos: um modelo baseado em agentes

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Vieira, Ednando Batista
• Orientador(a): Bueno, Newton Paulo
• Banca de defesa: Muniz, José Norberto , Cirino, Jader Fernandes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia
• Departamento: Desenvolvimento econômico e Políticas públicas
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Instituições; Loops de feedback; Dinâmica de sistemas; Sistemas sócio-ecológicos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Institutions; Loops de feedback; System dynamics; Social-ecological system
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::METODOS QUANTITATIVOS EM ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3256

In the field of New Institutional Economics (NIE), studies of how individuals are organized to create mechanisms to provide cooperation in small groups have gained much attention recently. Therefore, some variables such as heterogeneity and group size are considered important for cooperation, yet there is a blurring of the effects that they cause, and if they are strong enough to lead a community to collapse. To seek to answer this question, this work creates an agent-based model, with the aim of testing the effects that these two variables (size and heterogeneity) have on cooperation in rural settlements, and compare the modeled results with actual results of a field study conducted in 2005 in communities Primeiro de Julho and Cachoeirinha, located in the Vale do Rio Doce, in the north of Minas Gerais. The agent-based model indicated that increases in group size leads to increased defection, as indicated by the Theory of Collective Action, but not enough to lead to extinction of the group. Yet, the heterogeneity leads to decreased levels of cooperation and the extinction of the community, since the more different and divergent are the interests of people, is harder for them to organize themselves in order to create institutions capable of providing the development of this community.