Temperatura da pele durante o exercício: comparação de métodos

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Fernandes, Alex de Andrade
• Orientador(a): Marins, João Carlos Bouzas
• Banca de defesa: Brito, Ciro José , Sillero-quintana, Manuel
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Educação Física
• Departamento: Aspectos sócio-culturais do movimento humano; Aspectos biodinâmicos do movimento humano
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Termografia; Exercício; Temperatura da pele
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Thermography; Exercise; Skin temperature
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3480

The aim of this work was to analyze the behavior of skin temperature (TSK) in different conditions of exercise (i.e. progressive and moderate intensity exercise) by infrared thermography (IRT). Besides, we compared the values of TSK obtained by two methods of measurement: Thermocouples and IRT. In order to do so, four studies were developed. In the first, a systematic review of the current literature was performed using the keywords &#147;exercise&#148; and &#147;thermography&#148; on the database MEDLINE/PubMed, IEEEXplore and SciELO. The research was made including the articles done with healthy humans without any physical or metabolic impairment while performing the exercise on treadmill or bicycle. After the exclusion process eight articles were selected. TSK tended to decrease at the beginning of the exercise, depending on the duration and intensity of the task. In graded exercises a continuous reduction on TSK was observed. Nevertheless, a bigger duration could lead to different thermal responses depending on the body area: reduction, maintenance or even an increase on the main regions involved on the exercise. TSK has specific thermal responses depending on the body region and the heat loss necessities. TSK decreases during the early stages of exercise. The thermal response will depend on the way of doing the maximal or submaximal exercise. There is a heterogeneous thermal response of TSK between the different body regions, showing the extremely complexity of body temperature control. In the second study, the objective was to verify the behavior of TSK measured by IRT in different body regions of interest (RCI) pre and post-exercise and during brief recovery period of progressive submaximal exercise. The exercise protocol consisted of a brief warm-up period followed by an increased speed training (1 km/h every 2 minutes) on the treadmill until 85% of the estimated maximum heart rate was reached. In this way, with the exception of the head and front and back leg, there is a clear TSK reduction after finishing the submaximal progressive exercise, when compared to rest values, obtaining the largest reductions in the upper limbs. In the third study, the aim was to establish the behavior of TSK monitored by IRT in a controlled environment with a temperature of 24.9 ± 0.6 ° C and relative humidity of 62.3 ± 5.7% at three stages of the exercise: during 30 minutes at rest, while conducting 1 hour of physical activity of moderate intensity on treadmill at 60% of maximal aerobic capacity and at the recovery stage along 1 hour. As a result we found that in the considered RCI the TSK was very stable at rest before exercise. With the beginning of the exercise there was a significant reduction in TSK (P <0.05) in RCI's face, neck, arms, forearms, hands in front and back views, chest, abdomen, back and lower back with 10 minutes of its realization. During the exercise the TSK remained statistically lower than at rest on face, neck, chest, abdomen, arms and forearms in anterior view. At the end of the exercise, TSK regions of the back, abdomen, back, arms and forearms in anterior and posterior views, and legs in the anterior TSK remained stable compared to the pre-exercise. Already in the hand and thigh regions of the anterior and posterior views and legs in posterior view were reported significant increases TSK (P <0.05). It was possible to demonstrate how variable is the TSK response in different RCI&#146;s at the different stages of the exercise. This results in significant evidence for understanding better the human thermoregulatory system with respect to TSK, helping us to develop thermophysiological models, thermal manikins and designing sportswear, adapted to the specific thermoregulatory responses of each body region. In the fourth study, the objective was to determine whether there is agreement between the mean skin temperature values (TSKM) measured through the use of thermocouples, with IRT at different times, pre-exercise, exercise and post- exercise. Analyses of residual scores Bland-Altman plots showed poor agreement between the TSKM and the IRT obtained by thermocouples with average error of -0.75 ° C in pre-exercise, 1.22 ° C in the exercise and -1.16 ° C in post-exercise stages, and low reliability of the methods, and low reliability of the methods [low intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in all the considered stages of exercise: pre-exercise [ICC=0.75 (0.12 to 0.93)], during exercise [ICC=0.49 (-0.80 -0.85)] and after-exercise [ICC=0,35 (-1,22-0,81)]. Thus, it is concluded that there is low agreement between the values of TSKM measured through thermocouples and IRT at the moments before, during and after exercise, demonstrating low reliability when comparing the two forms of measurement, so the comparison of results from studies using different methods shall not be ideal in all situations studied here.