Respostas do metabolismo antioxidativo de Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae) submetida ao arsenito

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Campos, Fernanda Vidal de
• Orientador(a): Oliveira, Juraci Alves de
• Banca de defesa: Nesi, Adriano Nunes , Ribeiro, Cleberson
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Fisiologia Vegetal
• Departamento: Controle da maturação e senescência em órgãos perecíveis; Fisiologia molecular de plantas superiores
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fitorremediação; Arsenito; Toxicidade; Antioxidantes
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Hytoremediation; Arsenite; Toxicity; Antioxidants
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4340

Pistia stratiotes plants were subjected to different concentrations of arsenite (AsIII) in order to assess the intensity of oxidative stress generated by this metalloid and antioxidant responses involved in tolerance in this species. After acclimatization (5 days) in Clark nutrient solution 1⁄4 ionic strength and pH 6.5, the plants were exposed to four treatments: control (nutrient solution), 5, 10 and 20 μM of AsIII, where remained for 24 hours to biochemical analyzes, and 4 days for arsenic (As) absorption analysis , visual symptoms and relative growth rate (RGR). Plants of P. stratiotes accumulated high concentrations of As, however, most of this element was retained in roots giving a low translocation factor. The presence of As promoted toxicity symptoms and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters, as evidenced by severe chlorosis, root loss, TCR reduction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, membrane damages, changes in antioxidant enzymes activity and glutathione content. The results showed that plants of P. stratiotes exposed to lowest concentration of AsIII (5 μM) are tolerant to the metalloid, due to efficient performance of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. However, exposure to higher AsIII concentration resulted in impairment of defense mechanisms, particularly in roots, due to the high accumulation of As in this organ. In this sense, the mechanism of AsIII toxicity involves increased ROS generation and, in parallel, inhibition of antioxidant mechanisms, resulting in high incidence of oxidative stress. Thus, it can be concluded that P. stratiotes is able to absorb and accumulate high concentrations of AsIII, however, under higher concentrations of this pollutant, plant metabolism is greatly affected, impacting their ability to tolerate stress viii and limiting their use in phytoremediation of environments where As III found in high concentrations.