Indicadores zootécnicos e econômicos da atividade leiteira na mesorregião noroeste do Espírito Santo e microrregião de Juiz de Fora

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Guimarães Filho, Cesar Conte
• Orientador(a): Lana, Rogério de Paula
• Banca de defesa: Gomes, Sebastião Teixeira , Haddade, Ismail Ramalho , Veloso, Cristina Mattos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bovinocultura de leite; Custo de produção; Avaliação econômica
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Dairy cattle; Productive costs; Economic evaluation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1763

For the development of the thesis two studies were conducted with dairy producers. In the first study 18 dairy properties located in the northwest region of the Espírito Santo state were evaluated in the period from January to December 2009, being all properties participant of Educampo Milk / SEBRAEES project that, in partnership with a milk plant of the region, provides technical and managerial assistance to attended dairy producers. Among the indicators analyzed, the rate of return on capital invested in land (RRCIL) was adopted as standard variable response (dependent variable) for interpretation of technical and economical behavior of the properties analyzed, using the path analysis. Dairy farmers in northwest region of Espírito Santo showed heterogeneous values of profitability in dairy farming, associated with the heterogeneity of the herd, where the animals are reared for growth and finishing, together with milking cows, which the last represent major source of income in this system. The indicators that more impacted the profitability of the system were the total number of cows per number of total herd, milk production for contracted labor work and number of milking cows per hectare. The number of milking cows per total cows showed indirect positive correlation with milk production per total cows. The latter affected indirectly the RRCIL through the indicators milk production per milking cows, annual milk production per contracted hand labor, concentrate expenses per gross income from milk and negatively when correlated with labor work per gross income from milk, which is advantageous because it optimizes the productive costs. It was possible to detect that if the milk price increases, it affects positively and indirectly, milk production per total cows that, as mentioned earlier, has positive and direct correlation with the RRCIL. In the second study 22 dairy farms were evaluated in the period from January to December 2009, located in the microregion of Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais, and as common characteristics of these properties it was observed the system of raising animals on pasture, low production per animal, restricted use of concentrate and labor work predominantly familiar. It was studied the effect of month of production on all variables, in which it was detected a high seasonality of production and gross income. The variables that correlated significantly with the gross income from milk were production characteristics like milk production per day, milk production per milking cows and milk production per hectare per day, while for the composition and quality of milk, the one that most correlated with the gross income from milk was lactose. It was possible to detect how the small milk producer is impacted by season of the year and is dependent on weather conditions to achieve higher gross income in his activity, since supplementary food or other strategies to mitigate the seasonality of forage production are not normally used.