Impacto dos programas sociais brasileiros sobre a pobreza, a desigualdade e o desenvolvimento

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Mirian Aparecida
• Orientador(a): Fontes, Rosa Maria Olivera
• Banca de defesa: Alves Filho, Eloy
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Economia
• Departamento: Desenvolvimento econômico e Políticas públicas
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Programas sociais; Pobreza; Desenvolvimento
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Social programs; Poverty; Development
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO::DIREITO PUBLICO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3257

Poverty and income inequality have been faced with programs of income transfer in several countries. This kind of programs allows improving development indicators. Thus, this research aimed to study how socials programs adopted in Brazil have impacted poverty, income inequality and development. Firstly, it was used factorial analysis which reduces 42 selected variables of poverty, income inequality and development in four factors: Index of Economic Underdevelopment, Index of Income Concentration, Index of Misery and Poverty and Index of Immunization. Index of Economic Underdevelopment indicated that more developed regions of Brazil are South and Southwest and that less developed regions are North and Northwest. Index of Income Concentration showed that Northwest still is the region where income inequality is more severe in the country. And, Southwest have a higher number of indigents and poor, according with Index of Misery and Poverty. The Immunization is better and more constant at Midwest and Southwest regions. So, with these factors was made an analysis of panel data to verify how these indicators was impacted for seven current socials programs in Brazil in the period analyzed (2003-2007), that include Auxílio Gás, Bolsa Alimentação, Bolsa Escola, Bolsa Família, Cartão Alimentação, BPC and PAIF. For the Index of Economic Underdevelopment was verified that Bolsa Família, Cartão Alimentação e PAIF improved the index. Now for the Index of Income Concentration neither coefficient was statistically significant. For the Index of Misery and Poverty, considering fixed and random effects, Auxílio Gás, BPC and PAIF reduces the index. And, only Auxílio Gás improved Index of Immunization. However, it is important to highlight that the observed impacts of socials programs were very small for the period. But we can say that some socials programs have contributed to diminish poverty and income inequality and to improve development indicators.