Biometria Aplicada ao Melhoramento do Milho Amiláceo na Região Oriental do Paraguai

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: González, Amálio Ramón Mendoza
• Orientador(a): Cruz, Cosme Damião
• Banca de defesa: Lima, Rodrigo Oliveira de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Milho - Melhoramento genético; Interação genótipo-ambiente; Diversidade genética; Avati Moroti
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Corn - Breeding; Genotype-environment interaction; Genetic diversity; Avati Moroti
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA::GENETICA E MELHORAMENTO FLORESTAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4798

The corn crops occupies a prominent position in the agricultural activity in worldwide, being an of the most studied crops in the plant breeding, not so much for the case of corn starch. The corn starch Avati Morotî food is of greater importance for the Paraguayan peasant family and general public as source of typical food in several country regions. In most cases, the producers of this type of maize using seeds its own production of cultivars generally from low productivity, susceptible to disease, pests, and long cycle.Considering the importance of this type of corn for food security the Instituto Paraguayo de Técnologia Agraria (IPTA) is working in the plant breeding for to get early crops, being more productive and with low cost of ownership for small producers cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the existence of interactions between genotypes and environments, and estimate the parameters of adaptability and stability of hybrids of corn starch by the method of Lin and Binns (1988); estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters as the simple correlations, partial and track, the genetic divergence and relative contribution of genetic diversity to characters by the method of Singh (1981) for 49 genotypes of corn starch in three environments in eastern Paraguay. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications, with plot containing 25 plants. The analysis of variance showed significant difference for all traits in the locality of Choré with 1% level of significance by F test for the location of Capitan Miranda; however, grain yield (GY) and plant aspect (AP) were not significant. The locality Yjhovy the (PG) was significant at 5%. The analysis of variance showed a significant interaction for genotype by environment at the 5% significance level for the F test, for all traits except male flowering. Most features of the showed interaction of complex type. The adaptability and stability proved more adaptable and stable hybrids, being also the most productive. The 41and 24 materials were genotypes that contained the lowest values of Pi general. In all locations, there was a significant genetic variability for all traits, including productivity the exception of the number of caterpillar (NL) and empty cobs (EV), the grain yield (GY) correlates positively with plant height and percentage of grains to the location of Choré and Yjhovy, lower positive correlation with GY were found with a diameter of cob (DE) and ear length (EC).Features percentage of grains (Pg) and ear length (EC) are those with the highest direct effect on PG between the primary components and secondary components were between plant height (APL) and prolificacy (PROL), the most indicated for indirect selection for grain yield. In all locations, there was a significant genetic variability among genotypes, with genotypes 48 the most divergent between them. From the dendrogram nearest neighbor two groups were formed for the localities Capitan Miranda and Choré, although for Yjhovy three groups were formed and the method of UPGMA were, three and four groups for the localities Capitan Miranda, Chore and Yjhovy, characters male flowering (FM) and plant height (APL) were the main contributors to genetic divergence.