Resposta do mamoeiro a diferentes lâminas de irrigação, sistemas de microirrigação e manejo do solo utilizados na região norte do Espírito Santo

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Espindula Neto, Dalmácio
• Orientador(a): Mantovani, Everardo Chartuni
• Banca de defesa: Ramos, Márcio Mota , Bernardo, Salassier , Silveira, Suely de Fátima Ramos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Doutorado em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Construções rurais e ambiência; Energia na agricultura; Mecanização agrícola; Processamento de produ
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Mamão; Lâminas de irrigação; Sistemas de microirrigação; Solo; Manejo; Carica papaya
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Papaya; Irrigation depths; Microirrigation systems; Soil management; Carica papaya
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENGENHARIA DE AGUA E SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/792

With the objective of studying the papaya crop response to different irrigation depths, microirrigation systems and soil management, two independent experiments were conducted, in the field, in the farm belonging to the company GAIA Importação e Exportação Ltda , municipality of Linhares, Northern Espírito Santo. The first experiment studied the Golden papaya response to different irrigation depths and was carried out from September 2003 to July 2005, in the 3.5 x 1.5 m spacing. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design, with five different irrigation depths (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of Etc) and a farmer standard treatment (Tc), with six repetitions, in a total of 36 plots (10 plants per plot). The dripping system was used, with daily irrigation management based on the results of the IRRIGA DEA/UFV software. Plant height, stem diameter and crop yield were measured at regular intervals. After the beginning of fruit maturation, each harvested fruit was weighed. The yield traits yield, mean fruit weight and fruit number per plant were evaluated separately for total yield and commercial yield for both the domestic and the export markets. Estimated percent yield losses were also obtained. The supply of 100% of the water evapotranspirated by the crop gave the largest vegetative growth and the largest yield. The supply of 100% of evapotranspirated water resulted in larger yield, larger amount of fruits harvested per plant and larger mean fruit weight for total yield and both commercial yield for the domestic and the export markets. The largest reductions in yield took place with the supply of 25% of water evapotranspirated by the crop, which was 17.27%; the total soluble solids content (ºBrix) reduced with the increasing volume of applied water. The second experiment, on Golden papaya response to different microirrigation systems (microsprinkling, dripping with one drip line per plant row and two drip lines per plant row) and soil management (ridge at sexing and ridge at planting and at sexing), was carried out from September 2004 to October 2005, in the 3.5 x 1.5 m spacing for the dripping and 3.5 x 2 x 1.5 for the microsprinkling irrigation. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomised design, with three microirrigation systems and two soil management methods, with four repetitions, in a total of 24 plots (10 plants per plot). The irrigation management was based on the IRRIGA DEA/UFV software and the irrigation was applied on daily basis. Plant height, stem diameter and crop yield were measured at regular intervals, and later a comparative cost evaluation and economic analysis of the different microirrigation systems and soil management were carried out. The dripping system with two drip lines per plant row provided the best conditions for crop development and yield. Although the use of this equipment resulted in higher total costs for irrigation, it showed the highest values of net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and benefit/cost ratio (B/C), resulting in higher profitability for farmers.