No seio da vida: fatores facilitadores e dificultadores da práxis do aleitamento materno

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Reis, Roberta Sena
• Orientador(a): Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre
• Banca de defesa: Ribeiro, Rita de Cássia Lanes , Longo, Giana Zarbato
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Ciência da Nutrição
• Departamento: Valor nutricional de alimentos e de dietas; Nutrição nas enfermidades agudas e crônicas não transmis
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Aleitamento materno; Facilitadores; Dificultadores; Atenção primária à saúde; Visita domiciliar; Nutricionista
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Breastfeeding; Facilitators; Hindrances; Primary health care, Home visit; Nutritionist
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2772

On breastfeeding one of the biggest challenges has been dealing with multi-factors that influence the maternal decision of weaning or maintenance of breastfeeding, since this practice is built into the daily lives of families affected, therefore, for social and cultural factors. This research chose the Primary Health Care (PHC) as a search field, with its central strategic Family Health Program (FHP), which focuses on opportunities to promote, to protect and to support breastfeeding. It aimed to identify and analyze the facilitating and hindering factors of the breastfeeding practice over the first six months of children life of mothers enrolled in Units of Primary Health Care (UPHC), in Viçosa-MG, as well as performing nutritional interventions. This is an exploratory and longitudinal intervention approach in quantitative and qualitative. It was developed with 22 pregnant women with estimated dates for child-birth between the first week of August and the second week of September in 2010. Data collection occurred through interventions (nutritional counseling and/or orientations) performed by the researcher between July 2010 and February 2011. The interventions were performed in the last months of pregnancy, in the first days of post-partum and monthly thereafter until fulfill six months of postpartum. The data was collected through home visits and followed by a systematic plan for nutrition education. For analyzing quantitative data we used Excel for Windows 2007 and SPSS for Windows. For analyzing qualitative data, after we recorded and transcribed the data, we analyzed it using the content analysis of Bardin (2004) and Minayo (2007). According to the profile of the participants, there were median age 25 years old, with mean per capita income about of R$ 293.33 reais ranging from R$ 72.85 to R$ 1000.00. Most of them had incomplete primary education (45.45%) and were employed (45.45%). Multiparous women constituted 54.55%. All of women had prenatal care and only 22.73% of them received breastfeeding guidance. Difficulties in breastfeeding were showed by women throughout the research period. It has been shown in the two firsts and in the last visits, placed, respectively, in the first days, in the first month and in the sixth month after child-birth. Among the hampering factors, there were: crack, pain while breastfeeding, breast engorgement of the breast, worrying about the amount of milk, medication use, return to work or school, pain of child s biting and rejection of the child to her breast. Despite of the difficulties, the majority of women affirmed that has been easy for breastfeed, offering as facilitating factors: decline in milk or handle, feed, lack of pain, quiet practice, enjoy breastfeeding, milk ejection, understand the child, child enjoying and supporting. Most of children (88.89%) were breastfed until the sixth month of life. The intervention offered was noted with satisfaction in all mother s perspectives. Most mothers (95%) said that the intervention had positive influence on breastfeeding practices, especially for their support in managing this practice. The analysis of knowledge about post-intervention breastfeeding showed new approaches for mothers and change of perception in regarding the appropriate time of breastfeeding. The results show that the strategy of the intervention through home visits effectively increases the practice of breastfeeding.