A interface entre o desenvolvimento na amazônia e as comunidades indígenas: uma análise dos diferentes processos vivenciados pelos suruí

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Nathália Thaís Cosmo da
• Orientador(a): Ferreira Neto, José Ambrosio
• Banca de defesa: Mafra, Rennan Lanna Martins , Ott, Ari Miguel Teixeira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Extensão Rural
• Departamento: Instituições sociais e desenvolvimento; Cultura, processos sociais e conhecimento
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desenvolvimento; Comunidades indígenas; Suruí
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Development; Indigenous communities; Suruí
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::EXTENSAO RURAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4162

This study aimed to analyze the scenario of indigenous communities, verifying the interaction between the mechanisms of stability and change trigerred in the current development process. The main empirical basis of the Surui indigenous community is located between the Brazilian states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso. This group stands out in the current scenario for its ability to articulate with various groups in society, such as their engagement in new environmental projects , and in partnerships with several NGOs, including foreign, large organizations and universities. Having a past marked by the wood exploration and by the intrusion of settlers installed near their territory, Terra Indígena Sete de Setembro, due to the Integrated Program for Colonization, the current indigenous reality of the Suruí conjugates trajectories and temporalities that combine and descombine from increased relationship with non-Indians. The methodology chosen was the case study, and the following data collection instruments were used: (a) Notes taking during the course "Economic Activities in Indigenous Lands" and on the reality in the villages of Suruí and (b) interviews with participants of the course, with the Surui, with political actors as well as academics involved in the issue of Rondônia development. The results indicate that there is a polarization between the political actors, the role of academia and the role of Indians in relation to the development process in Rondônia, so that the Suruí emerge as subjects of political action. It was possible to map different ethnic groups which are the Tenharim and the Jiahui of Amazon, the Acre Yawanauá, the Cinta Larga, the Tupari and Suruí of Rondônia, which provided a kind of mapping of indigenous issues in the Amazon, emphasizing the economic processes. This paper also discusses the different forms of economic integration experienced by the indigenous group the Paiter Suruí of Rondônia; points to the current process in which the monetization of social life is engaging, but, above all, it indicates that the rationality of the market is not unidirectional. The rationality of the market, besides living with traditional activities such as crafts, interacts with the indigenous logic, whose basis is the cultural fair where the mixing occurs between the sociability of the Paiter and reproduction of markets within the Indian villages .This paper points out the Suruí preexisting experience of reciprocity through the practice of donation, prior to contact of the indigenous with non-indigenous. Finally, this work joins an argumentative perspective that considers identity as dynamic and susceptible to transformation through relationships, interests or contexts. From the social dramas experienced by Suruí, we identified the transition between structure and anti-structure in its path. The structure is related to the social organization predetermined with the contact or before the beginning of it. The anti-structure was caused by internal conflicts in relation to wood exploration and its consequences in the daily life in the villages, which do not constitute a lack of structure, but an alternative model of social organization that emerges in the cracks of society, which are expressed by the projects and the enhancement of environmental education in indigenous communities.