Acumulação e acessibilidade de minerais em cogumelos de Pleurotus ostreatus enriquecidos com ferro, zinco e lítio

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Assunção, Laélia Soares de
• Orientador(a): Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi
• Banca de defesa: Santos, Miriam Teresinha dos , Fontes, Edimar Aparecida Filomeno , Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Microbiologia Agrícola
• Departamento: Associações micorrízicas; Bactérias láticas e probióticos; Biologia molecular de fungos de interesse
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pleurotus ostreatus; Acumulação; Enriquecimento; Ferro; Zinco; Lítio
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Pleurotus ostreatus; Accumulation; Enrichment; Iron; Zinc; Lithium
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO::MICROBIOLOGIA E BIOQUIMICA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5324

Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms are food with excellent nutritional value that may be enriched contributing to the mobility, bioavailability and transfer of various chemicals elements from the environment for other organisms. Mineral supplements and fortified foods have been used in order to ensure the necessary amount of essential microelements that may be lacking in the diet. Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are important minerals for human health and although lithium (Li) has no known nutritional function, an appropriate supply of this metal would provide behavioral benefits. Thus the enrichment of mushrooms of P. ostreatus with these elements may be useful for obtaining a concentrated and bioavailable source of these microelements. Thus, the objectives were to enrich mushrooms of P. ostreatus grown on substrates based on coffee husk supplemented with Fe, Zn or Li, to evaluate the accumulation capacity of these elements in mushrooms and evaluate the accessibility of these elements in relation to the commercial mineral supplements. The mushrooms were produced on substrate based on coffee husk supplemented with different concentrations of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) (0, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 or 2.0 mg kg-1), zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) (0, 0.53, 1.07, 2.13, 4.27 or 8.53 mg kg-1) and lithium chloride (LiCl) (0, 62.25; 125, 250, 500 or 1000 mg kg-1). The biological efficiency (BE), the proteins contents and concentration of Fe, Zn, Li, and also of Mn, K, P, Ca, Cu, Pb, Cd, S, Cr, Mg, Ni and Al, in the mushrooms in three consecutive harvests were determined. To evaluate the accessibility of Fe, Zn and Li, two procedures were performed: the sequential extraction and in vitro digestibility. Samples of the mushrooms enriched with FeSO4, ZnCO3 or LiCl were evaluated in comparison with to three commercial mineral supplements containing FeSO4, zinc oxide (ZnO) or lithium carbonate (Li2CO3). The biological efficiency (BE) was higher in the first harvest and reduced considerably in the third harvest, not being influenced by different concentrations of FeSO4, ZnCO3 or LiCl (P > 0.05). The accumulation of Fe was affected by both dose of FeSO4 added to the substrate and the order of haverts (P < 0.05). The mushroom of P. ostreatus accumulated Zn and Li, and concentrations were influenced by the increasing concentration of ZnCO3 and LiCl in the substrate (P < 0.05). The Al, Cu, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd were not detected in mushrooms enriched with FeSO4, ZnCO3 or LiCl. The concentrations of S, K and P were affected by different doses of FeSO4, ZnCO3 or LiCl added to the substrate (P < 0.05), the Ca and Mg were affected by different concentrations of FeSO4 and ZnCO3 (P < 0.05). The proteins content was only affected by the dose of FeSO4 added to the husk of coffee (P < 0.05). The elements Fe, Zn and Li in both, enriched and unenriched mushrooms showed greater accessibility than those same elements present in their respective supplements. The mushroom of P. ostreatus can be an alternative source of Fe, Zn and Li with high accessibility.