Heterose e diversidade genética em híbridos intra e interespecíficos de pimenteiras ornamentais (Capsicum spp.)

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Naysa Flávia Ferreira do
• Orientador(a): Bruckner, Claudio Horst
• Banca de defesa: Finger, Fernando Luiz , Rêgo, Mailson Monteiro do
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pimenta - Melhoramento genético; Caspsicum; Heterose; Hibridação; Diversidade genética
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Pepper - Genetic improvement; Caspsicum; Heterosis; Hybridization; Genetic diversity
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4808

Growing peppers in pots as ornamental plant has increased considerably across the planet. In addition to commercial prominence, the great diversity of Capsicum has fostered the breeding programs, allowing its use in these programs. In recent years, emphasis was given to obtaining hybrids because, for most traits, hybrids show up, in general, more stable and more productive than the open pollinated cultivars. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize, evaluate the conduct and estimate the heterosis in intraspecific and interspecific hybrids of ornamental pepper, for selection purposes continuing the breeding program Capsicum University Federal of Paraiba and the University Federal of Viçosa. For this the nine genotypes belonging to the germplasm bank of vegetables (UFPB / UFV) were used. These were crossed yielding fifteen intraspecific hybrids among these six hybrids, a hybrid double and triple eight hybrids and seven interspecific hybrids. We evaluated twenty-seven characteristics being used completely randomized design. Quantitative data were subjected to analysis of variance with subsequent grouping of means by Skott-Knott method to 1% probability. For analysis of genetic divergence, was used clustering method Tocher based on Mahalanobis distance. In addition, we calculated the relative importance of those characteristics. For intraspecific hybrids, was also calculated the gain selection based on the selection index of 20%, heterosis and heterosis. We observed high variability for the characters qualitative analysis. Accessions were identified compact plants, with varied coloration of flowers, fruits and that stand erect with the foliage of fruit over that pass through various colors during maturation and can be used in breeding programs with ornamental purpose. For intraspecific hybrids gains selection varied according to the trait under study. It was observed gains from 0,10% to 33,13% to the characteristics for pericarp thickness and dry matter content of the fruit respectively. Estimated values of heterosis and heterosis were significant positive and negative for all traits. In the analysis of the average performance of the parents and hybrid types was evident genetic variability found in the three categories of hybrids. Thus being able to assert that, it is not possible to generalize the hybrid recommendation type. Comments should be selected according to the interest for each trait in the study. The triple hybrids were superior to some characteristics of size, inflorescence, precocity and fruit quality. Since the hybrids are recommended for the characteristics of the fruit dimensions. In the analysis of interspecific hybrids also observed variability despite the extreme difficulty in obtaining good as the hybrid character of great importance, such as plant height, crown diameter, corolla length, fruit size, yield, earliness, vitamin C, and who has also performed well as other agronomically important traits and combinations evaluated responded to these requirements.