Composição bioquímica e fatores antinutricionais de genótipos de soja

• Ano de defesa: 2007
• Autor(a) principal: Paula, Solange Aparecida de
• Orientador(a): Guimarães, Valéria Monteze
• Banca de defesa: Moraes, George Henrique Kling de , Oliveira, Luiz Orlando de , Rocha, Valterley Soares
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Bioquímica Agrícola
• Departamento: Bioquímica e Biologia molecular de plantas; Bioquímica e Biologia molecular animal
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Soja; Fatores antinutricionais; Composição
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Soy; Antinutritional factors; Composition
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::ENZIMOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2482

Soy is a highly nutritious grain which is used as a basis for many products. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for soy genotypes with specific quality characteristics. It is important, thus, to characterize soy genotypes as to the biochemical components related to quality and to the anti- nutritional factors which limit soy use for feeding. The goal of the present work is to evaluate the biochemical composition and antinutritional factors present in soy, such as phytates and oligosaccharides of raffinose, in order to select genotypes with more adequate nutritional characteristics to be used in human and animal food. Besides, it was estimated the correlation between the characteristics of the genotypes analyzed. In order to achieve this, 34 soy genotypes cultivated in the experimental station of the COOPADAP, located in São Gotardo-MG, were evaluated. The experiments were carried out in randomized blocks, with three repetitions. The following contents were determined: of protein by the Kjeldahl method; of lipids, with the use of the Soxhlet extractor; of ashes through burning, of sucrose, raffinose and stachiose by HPLC and total carbohydrates by difference. The phytate content was determined by the method. The statistical analyses and the correlation coefficients were determined by the program GENES. It was verified the difference in the content of the components analyzed in many soy cultivars. The cultivars which were distinguished as to their protein content were Monarca, Elite, Balisa, MSOY 8585, CS 02 302 and CS 144 RR. A higher lipid contents was determined in the genotype CS 801. For the total carbohydrate feature, the distinguished genotypes were CS 01 736, CS 186 RR, CS 206 RR, CS 02 731, CS 02 1026, MSOY 8001, CS 821, CS 73 RR, CS 106 RR, CS 02 449, CS 95 RR, Valiosa, MSOY 8787, Vencedora, MSOY 8008, CS 02 521 and MSOY 8585. The genotypes which presented higher contents of the soluble sugar sucrose were Silvania, Monarca, CS 186 RR, Vencedora, MSOY 8001, CS 02 521, MSOY 7878, CS 02 449, CS 821, Valiosa, CS 01 736, Elite and CS 02 731. As to the antinutritinal factors, the genotypes which were distinguished, namely, which presented the lowest contents of phytates were CS 206 RR, CS 95 RR, MSOY 8001, CS 02 564, CS 02 731, CS 33 RR, CS 33 RR, Valiosa, MSOY 8008, CS 821, Garantia, CS 132 RR, MSOY 8787, CS 01 736, Vencedora, CS 01 873, CS 73 RR, CS 02 988, CS 02 1026 and Balisa. The genotypes with the lowest contents of raffinose were Luziania, CS 02 521, MSOY 7878, CS 801, CS 02 302, Monarca, CS 02 564 and Vencedora; and the ones with the lowest contents of stachyose were CS 132 RR, CS 02 988, CS 73 RR, CS 179 RR, Elite, CS 02 449, Garantia and CS 02 731. It was observed a significant correlation between the following characters: protein and: oil, sucrose, soluble sugars and total carbohydrates; oil and ashes; ashes and: phytate, stachyose, RO and soluble sugars; phytate and: sucrose, raffinose, total carbohydrates and RO; sucrose and: raffinose, total carbohydrates and soluble sugars; raffinose and: stachyose and soluble sugars; stachyose and: soluble sugars and RO, total carbohydrates and RO and, finally, total carbohydrates and soluble sugars. The genotype which appeared more frequently among the highest averages for the biochemical characteristics and the lowest averages for the antinutritious factors was CS 02 564. Therefore, that genotype may be selected for the improvement program of the soy used for human consumption.