Eletrofiação no preparo de sensor eletroquímico a base de nanotubos de carbono

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Rosenberger, Andressa Giombelli
• Orientador(a): Caetano, Josiane
• Banca de defesa: Caetano, Josiane , Tarley, Cesar Ricardo Teixeira , Dragunski, Douglas Cardoso
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná; Toledo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais
• Departamento: Centro de Engenharias e Ciências Exatas
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Electrospinning; Compósito; Microfibras; Sensor eletroquímico
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Electrospinning; Composite; Microfibers; Electrochemical sensor
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: OUTROS
• Link de acesso: http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3098

Water is a vital element in human health and a determining factor in the pace of human evolution; however, the presence of emerging pollutants threatens its quality and may endangers the well-being of people and the environment. This work stands out for the development of a composite material based on nanotechnology to be used as an electroanalitic sensor in aqueous solutions with the Metronidazole drug which is considered an emerging pollutant. Initially the polymeric fibers were produced based on ecovio® and carbon nanotubes multilayer (MWCNT’s). In order to evaluate the parameters that could interfere in the process of electrospinning and to understand the interaction between the polymer and the MWCNT’s, a fractional factorial design and physicochemical characterizations analysis were used, which were: optical micrography scanning electron microcopy (SEM), mechanical analysis, wettability by contact angle, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction. For the porpuse of fabricating the sensor, the fibers were calcinated and the obtained residue was characterized by SEM and FTIR. The statistical data and the images of optical microscopy and SEM showed that the addition of MWCNT’s is the parameter that most influences the diameter of the obtained microfibers (1.16 ± 0.22 µm) so that their presence decreases the diameter and results in fibers more uniform and homogeneous. After selecting the ideal conditions an experiment was done with the following process and solution parameters: concentration of ecovio® 15,00% (m/v) and MWCNT’s 0,60% (m/v); flow: 1.80 mL.h-1; distance: 16 cm and applied voltage: 18 kV. The morphology and diamater os the fibers was obtained using SEM images and showed an average diameter of 1.59±0.61 µm. It was also demonstrated a better mechanical performance after the addition of MWCNT’s to the fibers, so that they presented greter elasticity (180%) and significant increase on the elastic resistance (163%) and tensile strength (107%), besides the analysis of wettability from the contact angle suggest that the carbon-based nanomaterial is inside the polymeric microfibers. The interactions between the MWCNT’s and the polymer were better evaluated by vibracional aspects by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and showed the interaction between the MWCNT’s and the functional group C=O characteristic of the group ester of the polymers. The analysis of thermogravimetry (TGA) demonstrated a higher stability. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed a higher stability of the poly (lactic acid) component and lower resistances of the poly (butylene adipate co-terephtalate) component in the polymer blend. Besides it was necessary a constant temperature of 550 ºC during 50 minutes to the total degradation of the polymer. By differential thermal analysis (DSC) it was possible to confirm the interactions proposed by FTIR and TGA, which indicate that the interaction occurs preferentially with the aliphatic chains of the ecovio® polymer. After the calcination of the fibers, the obtained residue was characterized by FTIR and MEV and variations in the characteristics of pure MWCNT's can be observed, with reduction of the corboxylic groups for the calcined and electrospun/calcined MWCNT's, as well as the formation of lamella for the MWCNT's electrospun/calcined. The electrochemical measurements using the cyclic voltammetry technique showed that the sensor is promising for determination of Metronidazole.