Filmes poliméricos biodegradáveis a partir de gelatina extraída da pele de tilápia-do-Nilo

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: TRISTÃO, G.
• Orientador(a): Marengoni, Nilton Garcia
• Banca de defesa: Marengoni, Nilton Garcia , Dragunski, Douglas Cardoso , Genovez, Lara Wichr
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná; Toledo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Pesqueiros e Engenharia de Pesca
• Departamento: Centro de Engenharias e Ciências Exatas
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Coprodutos; Gelatina; Filmes; Reaproveitamento
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Co-products; Gelatin; Film; Characterizes
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: RECURSOS PESQUEIROS E ENGENHARIA DE PESCA::ENGENHARIA DE PESCA
• Link de acesso: http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/4572

The conventional plastics generate many wastes in the environment and in order to take advantage of the discards generated by the fishing industry processes, biodegradable films are alternatives to reuse byproducts obtained in these industries. The fish skin is a coproduct which features a large concentration of collagen, which to be hydrolyzed by acid method, as in the present work, suffers a modification in the molecular chains are rearranged and form a gel, named after the gelatin polymerization process, it gets a biodegradable film. The aim of this work was to extract the skin gelatin of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), characterize it for developing films and assess the thickness, tensile strength and permeability. The gelatin was extracted using 5% acetic acid in the skins that have been rinsed and heated to 300 °C for 45 minutes and characterized by centesimal analysis, viscosity, yield and chemical composition. The protocol defined for formulations of the film was developed from 100% gelatin extracted and 30% deionized water. After complete dissolving gelatin in water, were evaluated two measures of glycerol liquid (92.9%): I) 0,35 g and II) 0,55 g in 6 varying treatments gelatin concentration added in formulation, I (35, 45 and 55 g) and II (20, 30 and 40 g). The films were developed for the casting technique, and characterized by thick (84 ± 10.00 to 356 ± 15.62 µm), permeability to water vapor (7.29 ± 1.36 to 32.37 ± 4.11 g mm m-2 d-1 kPa-1), mechanical properties of strength (10.11 ± 5.06 to 62.61 ± 12.74 N mm-2), elongation (82.84 ± 2.98 to 100.87 ± 6.31 mm), luminosity (44.41 ± 0.56 to 0.81 ± 38.29) and chemical composition. In summary, the gelatin extracted presented results according to the parameters in business analysis and was effective as a raw material in the development of biodegradable films. The treatments used may be intended for different applications, however the film that offers greater strength and likely commercial interest is the T3 (35 g of gelatin and 0.35 g glycerol) but in all treatments the thickness can be improved so that the films present uniformity throughout your area.