Figurações de uma heroína invisível: ressignificações de Beatriz Enríquez de Harana pela literatura

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Matheus, Amanda Maria Elsner
• Orientador(a): Fleck, Gilmei Francisco
• Banca de defesa: Fleck, Gilmei Francisco , Oliveira, Marcio da Silva , Cerdeira, Phelipe de Lima
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná; Cascavel
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras
• Departamento: Centro de Educação, Comunicação e Artes
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Beatriz Enríquez de Harana; Literatura Comparada; Romance histórico tradicional; Romance histórico contemporâneo de mediação; Columbus and Beatriz; Colón a los ojos de Beatriz
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Beatriz Enríquez de Harana; Comparative Literature; Traditional historical novel; Mediation contemporary historical novel; Columbus and Beatriz; Colón a los ojos de Beatriz
• Palavras-chave em Espanhol: Beatriz Enríquez de Harana; Literatura Comparada; Novela histórica tradicional; Novela histórica contemporánea de mediación; Columbus and Beatriz; Colón a los ojos de Beatriz
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Linguagem e Sociedade
• Link de acesso: http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/5407

Based upon the Comparative Literature assumptions and the interwoven relationship between literature and history, on the subject of the “discovery” of America, this study offers a reading about the fictional redefinitions of the historical character called Beatriz Enríquez de Harana, Columbus’ significant other and mother of his second child, Fernando Colombo. When we investigate the traditional historical narrative about the space given her, we run into a deep and disturbing silence. Therefore, the main objective of this master’s thesis is to verify how literature, in its own exercise of reshaping the past, rebuilds and reconsiders “ex-centric” voices (HUTCHEON, 1991), including the subaltern, null and left aside Beatriz Enríquez de Harana. In the fictitious discourse, she becomes the protagonist in the literary pieces Columbus and Beatriz (1892), by Constance Goddard DuBois, and Colón a los ojos de Beatriz (2000), by Pedro Piqueras. This is a bibliographical review, a documental analysis, and an interpretative and qualitative research. Consequently, we aim, in a first moment, to highlight the confluences of the historical and the fictional discourse, talk about literature as a means of visibility to the characters marginalized by the official discourse, and to do that, we rely on the theoretical support of Milton (1992), Mata Induráin (1995), Pesavento (2000), García Gual (2002), Fernández Prieto (2003) and Fleck (2017). In the sequence, we establish a dialogue among the historians that, in some way, mention Beatriz, such as Wassermann (1930), De la Torre y Del Cerro (1933), Madariaga (1947), Manzano Manzano (1964) and Heers (1992). We move on to a brief reading of the literary pieces El arpa y la sombra ([1979]1994), by Carpentier; The memoirs of Christopher Columbus (1987), by Marlowe; Vigilia del Almirante (1992), by Roa Bastos; and La ruta de las tormentas: diario de bordo de Hernando Colón (2005), by Cifuentes, to identify Beatriz’s presence in different historical novel modalities like a secondary character. We reflected about the reality experienced by the woman in the renaissance Spanish society, based on Fernández Álvarez (2002), and, finally, returned to the fictional recreation of Beatríz Enríquez de Harana in the books by DuBois (1892) and Piqueras (2000). In the analysis, we discussed the redefinitions of the character in literature, just like her participation in the “discovery” events. Revealing this dimension hidden by historiography, from the interior of the fictional universe, is necessary in order to extract from the margins the female voice that, for centuries, was neglected in the history versions written by the patriarchate. Such purposes are also on the agenda of the Research Group “Remeanings of the past in America: the processes of reading, writing and translation of hybrid genders of History and Literature".