Exploração das tenacidades do cenário prisional misto: uma avaliação das políticas públicas de saúde para mulheres encarceradas no Presídio Estadual de São Borja à luz da reflexão críticas das particularidades intrínsecas ao gênero feminino

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Orth, Sabrina
• Orientador(a): Quadrado, Jaqueline Carvalho
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Pampa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado Profissional em Políticas Públicas
• Departamento: Campus São Borja
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Presídio misto; Políticas públicas; São Borja; Mixed prison; Public policies
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.unipampa.edu.br/handle/123456789/10235

The general objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of public health policiesaimed at women in prison, with regard to their particularities and needs intrinsic to the femalegender in the São Borja State Prison (PESB). The focus was on the main public prison health policies, especially those that address the specific needs of women deprived of liberty. The research presents the Brazilian prison system, marked by gender disparities that expose women to specific vulnerabilities in the context of mixed prison units. To this end, it discusses the history of female incarceration in Brazil and the constant invisibility of women deprived of liberty, highlighting the impact of gender inequality on the dignity and human rights of these individuals. The study also provides a brief normative contextualization, addressing international treaties and relevant Brazilian legislation. It then presents the theoretical framework related to public policies, addressing conceptual categories, typologies and cycles of public policies, in addition to the actions of public servants directly responsible for implementing these health policies for incarcerated women. Among the main public policies discussed are the National Policy for Comprehensive Health Care for Persons Deprived of Liberty in the Prison System (PNAISP) and the National Policy for Care for Women in Situations of Deprivation of Liberty (PNAMPE). The research focuses on the São Borja State Prison (PESB), a mixed-context facility, as the research setting, analyzing its functioning, operationalization and implementation of public health policies for women deprived of liberty. A qualitative approach was chosen, of an applied and exploratory nature, with mixed, documentary and field methods. Data collection first included documentary research, a bibliographic study followed by an analysis of legislation and legal documents. After that, field research was carried out, starting with the stage of on-site observation of the prison environment, using the participant observation method. Next, interviews were conducted with public policy stakeholders. The first were with women deprived of liberty at the PESB, with semi-structured interviews and focus group dynamics. Subsequently, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with health professionals and prison officers at the unit. All interviews followed a specific semi-structured script and were duly authorized by means of a CEP-PEN/RS/ESP/SUSEPE authorization statement no. 09/2024 (ANNEX 2), respecting the ethical procedures with the Research Ethics Committee of the Penitentiary System of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (CEP-PEN/RS). The collected data were analyzed in light of the content analysis methodology proposed by Bardin (2011) and by coding the data using the MaxQda Software. The relevance of this study is justified by the scarcity of approaches that directly analyze the influence of gender coexistence on the effectiveness of public health policies in the mixed prison system, especially in the São Borja State Prison, RS, as well as the need to deepen the understanding of gender inequality in prisons. The results obtained indicate that the implementation of public health policies aimed at women deprived of liberty in the PESB is partial and faces several obstacles. The data show that, although there are normative guidelines aimed at promoting women's health in prisons, institutional practices lack effectiveness, mainly due to structural inadequacy and the lack of knowledge of PNAISP and PNAMPE professionals. Thus, it was evident that, despite the municipality's formal adherence to the Ministry of Health's prison health program, directly linked to PNAISP, practical reality demonstrates the need to improve actions, incorporating the gender perspective more effectively into institutional practices, thus guaranteeing the full right to health of women deprived of liberty.