Desenvolvimento e validação de método multirresíduo por QuEChERS e HPLC-DAD para análise de pesticidas em abelhas (Apis mellifera)

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Paz, Maria Elizabeth Gomes
• Orientador(a): Roehrs, Rafael
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Pampa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado Acadêmico em Bioquímica
• Departamento: Campus Uruguaiana
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biomonitoramento; CLAE-DAD; Biomonitoring; Contaminants; Pesticides; Extração; Pesticidas; Contaminantes; HPLC-DAD; Extraction
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.unipampa.edu.br/handle/123456789/11295

Apis mellifera, known as the honey bee, is a species of bee native to Europe and distributed worldwide. These bees play a crucial role as pollinators, collecting nectar and pollen from flowers for their food, which is essential for the pollination of many crops. During the collection of resources, such as water and food, bees travel large areas daily, exposing themselves to adverse factors, such as pesticides, which represent risks both for individuals and for the hives. The inappropriate use of pesticides in agriculture can result in the drift of these compounds to unwanted areas, affecting non-target organisms and causing toxicity. Due to the possibility of exposure of bees to low concentrations of contaminants, reliable and sensitive analytical methods are essential. In this sense, the objective of this study was to develop and validate sample preparation and quantification methodologies for the analysis of pesticides and their metabolites in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The selected pesticides were Imazethapyr, Propanil, Sulfentrazone, Chlorpyrifos and 2,4-D and the metabolites 2,4-DCP and 3,4-DCA. The QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method was used to extract pesticides from bee samples. For the separation, identification and quantification of compounds, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a Diode Array Detector (DAD) was used. The chromatographic method developed was validated through parameters such as linearity, intermediate precision, repeatability, limit of detection, limit of quantification, matrix effect and recovery (for extraction tests), according to the recommendations of Brazilian regulatory agencies and demonstrated high sensitivity in the detection of compounds in low concentrations. The QuEChERS method used in the extraction of bee samples proved to be efficient, allowing the recovery of sulfentrazone, 2,4-DCP, 3,4-DCA and propanyl in the range of 0.5-6 mg/L, and the pesticides imazethapyr, 2,4-D and chlorpyrifos in the range of 2-6 mg/L. In addition, this method is fast, easy and economical, allowing its wide application. The results obtained demonstrate the sensitivity and efficiency of these methods, which are essential for assessing the risks of contamination and health of bees.