Avaliação sobre o comportamento de antimicrobianos veterinários em solo e em cama de frango: estudos de adsorção e previsão do potencial de contaminação de águas superficiais e subterrâneas

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Toledo Netto, Pedro [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Quimica analitica; Agentes antiinfecciosos; Solos; Contaminação; Adsorção; Soil
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110700

Veterinary antimicrobials are widely used in the poultry production for disease prevention and growth promotion. It is estimated that for some of them, up to 90 % of the administered dose is eliminated in its unmetabolized form or as active metabolites. Therefore, large amounts of these substances are released into the environment, whose impacts caused by its dispersion can reach large proportions, contaminating surface and groundwater, air, soil, plants, threatening aquatic and terrestrial organisms and spreading of resistant bacteria. However, data about the occurrence and behavior of veterinary antimicrobials in the environment are very limited in Brazil. Therefore, the objectives of this work were: (i) to evaluate the adsorption nine veterinary antimicrobials (amoxicillin, lincomycin, tylosin, trimethoprim, sulfadiazine, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin) in soil and peat of the State of São Paulo using different treatments and in poultry litter associated to soil; (ii) to propose adsorption models that best represents this process; (iii) to estimate the potential for contamination of surface and groundwater using the normalized adsorption coefficients (Koc) obtained in this study. The determination of the compounds was performed using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors, with good chromatographic resolution and suitable quantification limits. For antimicrobials analyzed individually in soil, the adsorption linear model was satisfactory with correlation coefficients ranging between 0,844 and 0,983. Although the adsorption models applied were not appropriate for the mixture antimicrobials adsorption for the soil and soil associated to poultry litter, these factors caused a decrease of adsorption for most antimicrobials studied in all concentration levels evaluated, except for amoxicillin that showed opposite effect. The calcination of soil and peat was...