Avaliação da cognição de uma população de adolescentes nascidos prematuros com muito baixo peso

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Martins, Ana Luíza Monteiro Mendes
• Orientador(a): Schwartzman, José Salomão
• Banca de defesa: Seabra, Alessandra Gotuzo , Duarte, Cintia Perez
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: cognição; prematuridade; adolescentes; inteligência; funções executivas
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA::PROCESSOS PSICO-FISIOLOGICOS
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/22722

The advancement of medicine and neonatal intensive care have allowed for a higher survival of preterm newborns in recent times. However, it is necessary to understand the repercussions of prematurity on the development of cognition of this population and any difficulties that may occur during their life. Previous studies have indicated that the difficulties encountered referred to impairments in cognitive functioning that have been associated with prematurity and low birth weight. Scientific interest turns to the analysis of possible outcomes of preterm birth in adolescents in relation to general development, especially in the precise assessment of cognitive abilities that may interfere in the individual's quality of life. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the cognition of preterm infants, below 37 weeks' gestation and weighing less than or equal to 1,500 g, establishing the profile of Verbal Comprehension Indexes (ICV), Perceptual Organization Index (IOP), Operational Memory Index (IMO) and Processing Speed Index (IVP), which together result in the Total IQ, and make the comparison from the normative profile; The secondary objectives are to evaluate the executive functions (FE) in this population; To track the presence of symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); Correlate the results with possible intercurrences reported in the charts of the subjects included. Eleven adolescents were evaluated, three males and eight females, aged 13 to 15 years who were born with less than 37 weeks of gestation and birth weight less than or equal to 1,500 grams and who are followed up in the Multidisciplinary Program Of the Ambulatory of Preterm, from Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP). The instruments used were the WISC-IV and Wisconsin Test (WCST), the ABC autism screening scale, and the collection of demographic and clinical data of included adolescents. The WCST results point to a performance deficit, which seems to be related to prematurity. The WISC-IV results suggested greater difficulty in the subtests Digits, Arithmatics and Information, as well as lower averages in all indexes evaluated. The group of adolescents whose mothers had less than 9 years of schooling presented worse performance in IOP, IVP and QIT. Adolescents classified as Small for Gestational Age (PIG) present lower and / or worse scores in all WISC-IV indexes than those classified as Adequate for Gestational Age (AIG), with a statistically significant difference between groups for IOP. Adolescents born weighing between 500 grams and 700 grams and with a lower GI had worse overall results. Only one adolescent tested TEA.