Educação nutricional na educação infantil: o papel da escola na formação de hábitos alimentares das crianças, considerando a problemática da obesidade infantil

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Moreira, Ana Cristina Medeiros
• Orientador(a): Sanchez, Petra Sanchez
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Palavras-chave em Português: educação nutricional; hábitos alimentares; educação infantil; merenda escolar
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: nutrititional education; alimentary habits; infantile education; school lunch
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/24932

The changes in alimentary behavior that are occurring in our society have been promoting a deep impact on the health outlook of the brazilian people, causing a representative increase of non transmissible chronic diseases that are associated to the more common death causes nowadays. These changes have equally affected children. The incidence of infantile obesity has triplicated in last three decades. School has been presented as an outstanding space for promoting health, including formation of healthy alimentary habits. The study aims to know the performance of the Municipal School of Infantile Education (São Paulo) facing the challenge of nutritional education, considering the infantile obesity issue from the observation of school lunch, educational school projects, and teachers' knowledge degree and effective actions on the matter. The paper was characterized by an exploratory and participative study, with a methodological approach of qualitative research. The target population was a sample of approximately 400 students and 14 teachers. Diaries with personal registers, interview with pedagogic coordinator, field observation, questionnaire applied to teachers, photographies and videos were all used. An analysis of anthropometric data of children was conducted, by using the Epiinfo applicable. In the school lunch, the matter of lack of variety in the provided menu was stressed. From qualitative and sensory aspect (taste and appearance) viewpoint, the meal presented greater adequacy than the lunch. School agents and school lunch cooks were not oriented to contribute in the nutritional education of children. It was verified that the school has an ongoing educational project (Projeto Horta) related to nutritional education actions. It can be stated that educators feel the importance of nutritional education being inserted in the school activities, but this has not still been transformed in effective actions by all teaching body. The obesity percentile encountered among chidren was of 14%, being greater among girls. The lecture conducted in the school was well-succeeded in the attainment of its objectives. Because of the interdisciplinary bias of the current research, it could be observed that the professional interaction between nutritionist and teachers is not only possible, but is also extremely necessary in nutritional education actions. It could be observed that there is little communication between the organs that take part in the school food system. Health centers have not been integrated to the nutritional education activities in school environment. It is recommended that there is a nutritionist professional in charge of the follow-up of nutritional education actions, coordinating, articulating, and following the phases up to the end of processes. It is also suggested a periodical conduction of nutritional orientation lectures for parents and capacitation courses for teachers, school lunch cooks, and teaching agents.