Avaliação da capacidade de imitar de crianças com desenvolvimento normal e com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Lourenção, Ana Paula Melillo
• Orientador(a): Ribeiro, Miriam Oliveira
• Banca de defesa: Teixeira, Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz , Buchalla, Cassia Maria
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento
• Departamento: Psicologia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: imitação; transtorno do espectro do autismo; desenvolvimento normal; desenvolvimento infantil; interação social
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: imitation; autism spectrum disorder; typical development; infancy development; social interaction
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/22568

Imitation is an important function for child development. From there the child connects with the outside world to observe the other in their attitudes, words and actions. Studies show the link between imitation and social interaction, language acquisition, motor and cognitive skills. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have difficulties in social interaction and to connect with the outside world. The general objective of this study was to compare the performance in imitation of tasks between children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and children with typically development. The instruments used to compare the performances were: Imitation battery (BI) with 13 tasks developed for children between 12 and 24 months and the other battery d130 (Bd130) with 15 tasks developed for children between 2 and 5 years, these instruments have been applied in 3 groups of children: A: typical children aged between 18 and 24 months -BI; B: typical children 6 years old - Bd130 and C: children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) aged between 3 and 7 years-BI and Bd130. These batteries have been applied by the researcher individually and in a quiet environment. The result showed that: 1) the two sets of tasks could be applied and are reliable to evaluate the ability of imitation of children. The d130 battery should better assess typical children younger than 6 years because almost all managed to perform all tasks, with little difficulty in some more complex items; 2) the tasks of BI for typical children between 18 and 24 months are well structured and performance is a direct function of age. Increase the sample size aged at least every two months will be needed to better demonstrate the ability to imitate by age and by gender. The same tasks for children with ASD showed capacity of discrimination, indicating the commitment of this sample. These results should be confirmed in a larger number of children; 3) we found that in children between 18 and 24 months the success of the children answer the tasks presented depend on the appropriate link establishment with the applicator; 4) the tasks proposed by d130 battery were suitable to assess the ability of children with ASD imitation between the ages of 3 to 7 years. It was observed that the skills of the act of imitating that more are affected are those related to motor skill as: copy a circle, square, cross and star. It was possible to see a big difficulty in holding the pencil properly to execute their proposed models. Another skill that proved impaired was the imitation of building a simple visual pattern, showing once again that children with ASD have difficulty to pay attention to details. And the last skill that is damaged is the one linked to the language because many of the children did not speak or had difficulty in speech, not being able to recognize the sound they were producing. With increased sample size may be tested the performance of these tasks in a broader manifestations of ASD spectrum; 5) it is proposed that the d130 function - imitation of the ICF-CY (International Functionality Coding for Children and Adolescents) is classified with the use of these 15 tasks d130 Battery