Efeito da radiação gama na blenda de polipropileno e polietileno destinada à produção de artigos obtidos por processo de termoformagem, moldagem por injeção e moldagem por sopro

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Ruiz, Francisco Carlos
• Orientador(a): Terence, Mauro César
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Palavras-chave em Português: radiação gama; polipropileno; polietileno; termoformagem; moldagem por injeção; moldagem por sopro
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: gamma radiation; polypropylene; polyethylene; injection molding
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/24204

The effect of the incorporating 20% of polyethylene with 80% of polypropylene was investigated. The main objective was to study the mechanical behavior of these blends when submitted to different doses of radiation between 25 and 500kGy, in the presence of oxygen and also facing the influence of time. Sample tests were obtained by injection molding using pure polypropylene and two different kinds of polyethylene in each blend: linear low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene. In the mechanical tests it was evaluated the resistance to the Izod impact, flexural modulus, tension resistance and deformations. Analyses of differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance were used to help in the understanding the generation of reactive species in the polymers. Although all the samples presented the same tendency in each essay, significant differences were visualized in the resistance to the Izod impact, where the blends presented a less accentuated lose of this mechanical property, 25% in 26kGy dose of radiation, than the pure polypropylene, which lost 65% in the same dose. The behavior of stiffness for all of the samples was very similar, indicating an increase of the crystalline domain that was also verified by thermal analyses and by an increase in the yield stress during the stress-strain test. In the stress of rupture visualizes itself the crosslinking effect of the molecular chains mainly at highest doses of radiation, 200 and 500kGy. This result was also verified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis which indicated a reduction in the molecular mobility of the linear low density polyethylene blends. Those results showed that both blends presented a better behavior facing the ionizing radiations than the pure polymer, having practical application in the polymers transformation industry.