Relações entre a nematofauna e o grau de compactação do solo em área cultivada com cana-de-açúcar e em remanescente de Floresta Atlântica

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: CARDOSO, Mércia de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): PEDROSA, Elvira Maria Régis
• Banca de defesa: FERREIRA, Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo, MARANHÃO, Sandra Roberta Vaz LIra
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola
• Departamento: Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Nematofauna; Nematoide; Compactação do solo; Cana-de-açúcar; Bioindicador
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
• Link de acesso: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5654

Bioindicators indicate environmental state in an agroecosystem and can be used in monitoring soil quality. Due to abundance, feed specificity, short reproductive cycle, morphology and fast response to environmental and soil manage changes, nematodes presents high potential as bioindicator of soil quality and their community structure analysis could complement ordinary soil analysis. Despite of this, there are few studies of nematode community structure in cultivated soils and native vegetation. The present study was conducted to characterize nematode diversity in sugarcane cropping area and Atlantic Forest remaining in the North Forest Zone of Pernambuco and evaluate relations between nematode community and physical soil properties through soil resistance to penetration. Samples were collected from September to November 2009 along two 200-m transects in both remaining of Atlantic Forest and sugarcane field at deeps of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40 e 40-50 cm. For soil characterization it was carried out analysis of soil size, humidity, porosity, soil density and particle density. The level of soil penetration resistance was evaluated through digital penetrometer. Nematodes were extracted per 300 cm3 of soil through centrifugal flotation in sucrose being quantified, classified according trophic habit and identified in level of genus or family. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation at 5% of probability. The prevalent genus on sugarcane field was Pratylenchus sp. and Helicotylenchus sp., but in forest there was prevalence of Dorylaimidae and Rhabditidae. Total amount of nematode did not differ between environments; however, community trophic structure in forest presented prevalence of free-living nematodes: omnivorus followed by bacterial-feeding, while plant-feeding nematodes were prevalent in sugarcane field. The nematode diversity was higher in the remaining of Atlantic Forest. However, the soil mechanical resistance to penetration was higher in sugarcane culture, affecting more directly the free-living nematodes; especially Dorylaimidae which was the most sensible to the changes in soil physical properties.