Genomics and secondary metabolomics of cyanobacteria from Pantanal (Brazil) soda lakes

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Delbaje, Endrews
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cianobactérias; Cyanobacteria; Genômica; Genomics; Molecular-networking; Natural products; Pantanal; Produtos naturais
• Link de acesso: https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64133/tde-29012024-181008/

Secondary metabolites are molecules usually described as non-essential for the basal metabolism of an organism, however, they are highly specialized, with a wide spectrum of activities that allow competitive gain for the organism. Due to this high bioactive diversity, many of these molecules have already been described as natural products, which are compounds used in several industries and have great economic and pharmacological interest. In the last decade, there has been a growing interest for cyanobacterial natural products, due to the high adaptative capacity of these microorganisms and the methodological developments in the fields of genomic and chemical studies, which allow accessing new information about these understudied compounds. In this study, genomes of isolated cyanobacteria and the metagenomes from the extreme environment of the Brazilian Pantanal soda lakes were analyzed, in order to determine the potential for the synthesis of natural products of these organisms, using the combination of large-scale genomic sequencing and chromatography-coupled mass-spectrometry. The genomic analyzes allowed the robust classification of the cyanobacterias using phylogenomic methodologies, with the submission of the first genome of an Anabaenopsis species, and the prediction of gene clusters of secondary metabolites, which identified potential genes associated with the routes for bacteriocin synthesis, NRPS/PKS, cyanobactins, terpenoids, and others, which among these include the grouping of the cyanotoxin saxitoxin identified in the metagenome. Molecular networking analyzes based on mass spectrometry data identified a diverse potential in the six strains isolates for the synthesis of different types of peptides and carotenoids of pharmacological interest. These results demonstrate the potential richness for the exploration of natural products of cyanobacterias from underexplored extreme environments, and also provide possibilities for new studies, which can analyze extracts of these cyanobacterias in order to test different bioactivities.