Root responses of contrasting tomato genotypes to cadmium-induced stress

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Borges, Karina Lima Reis
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Antioxidantes; Antioxidants; Eficiência de uso de nutrientes; Estresse oxidativo; Heavy metals; Metais pesados; Nutrient use efficiency; Oxidative stress; Proteômica; Proteomics
• Link de acesso: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-21032018-112050/

This thesis presents a more in-depth understanding of global root responses of contrasting tomato genotypes to cadmium-induced stress. Tomato genotypes growing in media containing 35 μM CdCl2 over seven days showed metal accumulation in roots and shoots of both genotypes, but with increased Cd allocation over time mainly in roots. PR (tolerant) accumulated lower levels of Cd in the shoots, exhibiting higher growth rate and higher levels of MDA in roots compared to CR (sensitive). Therefore, the PR genotype appears to have a more efficient mechanism to cope with Cd-induced stress. Enzymatic analysis revealed that the presence of Cd altered GSH content in roots of both genotypes, whilst increased the activities of APX, GR and GST, which in turn, together may be the main players against oxidative stress in the tolerant genotype. Following the characterization of tomato roots systems against Cd challenge the second chapter brings the root morphology parameters analysis. Cd exposure decreased the root length, the surface area and the volume in both genotypes, being more severe in the CR genotype. Tomato roots exposed to Cd showed NUE for many macro and micronutrients in the CR genotype lower than verified for the PR. These findings reinforce the explanation that the tolerant phenotype observed in PR plants could be related to a better nutrient management and minor damages in root morphology under Cd stress. Finally, the last chapter brings a large scale quantitative proteomic approach employed to determine alterations in the protein profile of tomato roots exposed to Cd. Tomato genotypes were grown in hydroponics and exposed to Cd over four days. The spectral counting revealed a total of 380 differentially accumulated proteins (DAP), which 62 were shared between both genotypes and showed similar alterations after metal exposure. In general, CR genotype presented higher number of DAP compared to PR. DAP showed alterations in diverse pathways, including proteins involved in cell wall, stress response, and redox activities. The results obtained in this study contributed to increase the understanding of Cd-tolerance in tomato plants.