Avaliação das condições de radioproteção em radiologia intraoral

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Miguel, Cristiano
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná; Curitiba; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Biomédica
• Palavras-chave em Português: Dentes - Radiografia; Raios X - Equipamento e acessórios; Controle de qualidade; Radiação - Dosimetria; Física médica; Engenharia biomédica; Teeth - Radiography; X-rays - Equipment and supplies; Quality control; Radiation dosimetry; Medical physics; Biomedical engineering
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1159

This study presents an evaluation of the radiation protection conditions in intraoral radiology. The survey was conducted in partnership with the Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Institute of the National Commission of Nuclear Energy (IRD/CNEN). Data collection was performed using quantitative field research in a descriptive way during the period of september 2013 to december 2014. The study had the voluntarily participation of dentists in the city of Curitiba – PR, working with intraoral X-ray equipment. The research sample consisted of 97 dentists and 130 intraoral equipments which are installed in 74 care locations distributed in 39 neighborhoods in the city of Curitiba - PR. The study evaluated 21 dental clinics, 40 dental offices, 1 hospital, 8 municipal units of dental care and 4 educational institutions. Data were collected through forms checked out by the researcher, by dentists and the quality control evaluation of X-ray equipment. The evaluation of the entrance skin dose, radiation field size and total filtration were performed with dosimetric kits supplied and evaluated by IRD/CNEN. The exposure time and voltage measures of X-ray equipment were performed with noninvasive detectors. Occupational dose was measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters. Through appropriate forms and a questionnaire (approved by the Ethics Committee of Human being Research - UTFPR) it was possible to identify the technical characteristics of the equipment, review the working procedures and knowledge of the dentists in relation to radiation protection. Among the search results it is important to emphasize that only 10% of the evaluated equipment reaches all requirements of the Brazilian radiation protection standards. However, 84,5% of the entrance skin dose delivered to the patients was considered in accordance. Regarding occupational exposure, the intraoral X-rays seem to be safe, but the dentist’s working procedures, related to the radiation protection, can be optimized. Most dentists do not use positioners in their routine, make the chemical processing of X-rays through the visual method, routinely use the same exposure time for all anatomic regions and do not observe patients during image acquisition. The study suggests that the dentists’s lack of knowledge and interest in radiological protection, the lack of equipment regular maintenance and the lack of regulatory agency supervision are the responsible for the nonconformities observed.