Composição e diversidade da fauna edáfica em áreas agrícolas cultivadas em sistema plantio direto com e sem terraceamento

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Stockmann, Inara de Souza
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná; Dois Vizinhos; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas; UTFPR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Palha - Utilização na agricultura; Bibliometria; Insetos; Straw - Utilization; Bibliometrics; Insects; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS; Agronomia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/33512

Conservationist soil management systems can promote beneficial changes to soil fauna, seen as an indicator of soil quality, and provider of a wide range of environmental services capable of contributing to the improvement and maintenance of soil quality. With the aim of investigating soil fauna and its relationship with agroecosystems, this study was developed through a scientometric review and a field experiment, conducted on soils subjected to the Direct Planting System with and without terracing over 4 years and forest remnant of native forest. Scientometrics was developed following PRISMA guidelines and the data used was obtained through the Web of Science platform with a return of 1,861 records in the period between 1949 and 2022, which were analyzed using the CiteSpace software. The results demonstrate a gradual and significant increase in publications/citations on the topic over the last ten years. Brazil and China stand out in terms of number of publications, while the USA, Germany and France have greater influence. The trend of studies and the main keywords, such as decomposition and nutrient cycling, are correlated with the functionality of these organisms. Another evidence of the relationship between soil organisms and the soil is the classification of thematic areas associated with this research, based mainly on Soil Science. In the field experiment, soil fauna was assessed annually using Pitfall-Traps in each area. After seven days, the traps were removed and the sampled individuals were classified at the level of major taxonomic groups and at the family level for the order Coleoptera. The groups Collembola, Acari, Formicidae, Coleoptera and Araneae were the most frequent in agricultural areas. The average abundance of the Coleoptera group was different in the direct planting area with terrace in 2021, while the order Collembola was more abundant in the area without terrace in 2019 and 2021 and Acari in 2021 and 2022. There was greater richness of organisms for both areas in 2021, with greater equality in the direct planting area with terrace. Coleoptera differed from the native forest in relation to the planting areas, which did not differ from each other. As an indicator family, in the native forest area, the families Scarabaeidae and Staphylinidae stand out, with no families with an indicator percentage greater than 70% in the planting areas. Thus, it is concluded that studies focused on soil fauna in diferente agroecosystems have been evolving over the last few years, especially in the last decade, while the field experiment indicates that soil fauna is positively influenced by the direct planting system, however only a few groups are positively affected by mechanical erosion control. The abundance of coleoptera is greater in the reference area, but with greater richness and diversity in agricultural areas with and without mechanical erosion control.