Produção animal e de grãos em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Deifeld, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná; Pato Branco; Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia; UTFPR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fertilizantes nitrogenados; Plantas - Efeito do nitrogênio; Pastagens - Manejo; Cobertura dos solos; Nitrogen fertilizers; Plants - Effect of nitrogen on; Range management; Mulching; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA; Fitotecnia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3870

The integrated system of agricultural production (ISAP) may be an alternative to increase food production in a sustainable way, but it still lacks research and suffers from paradigms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the best nitrogen fertilization strategy and the pasture height in a ISAP, to provide a higher forage production of black oat, animal production and corn yield. The experiment was carried out in a farm located in Abelardo Luz-SC, from April 2017 to April 2018. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications arranged in a 2X2 factorial design. The first factor is the pasture height: high height (HH) (20 cm) and low height (LH) (12 cm). The second one were the periods of nitrogen application: nitrogen applied on pasture in autumn (NP) and nitrogen applied on prior grain crop (beans) in spring (NG), using the dosage of 200 kg N ha-1in a single application, in top-dressing. The pasture was done by steers from the Nelore x Charolais breeding, weighting 263 kg. Overall, the NP resulted in higher forage production than NG, with values of 6184 and 4354 kg of dry matter (DM) ha-1, respectively. Regarding the pasture quality, NP increased the levels of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, with no effect being observed for the different heights. The residual straw of oat was higher in HH (1453 kg MS ha-1) than LH (640 kg MS ha-1), showing no effect for the periods of nitrogen fertilization. Regarding the animal production, there were not significant differences for the average daily gain (mean of 1.24 kg animal-1 ha-1) and body weight gain ha-1 (mean of 262 kg ha-1), only higher animal load when NP (1003 kg PV ha-1) than in NG (792 kg PV ha-1). The animal load was also higher when the pasture was maintained in LH (1079 kg PV ha-1) than in HH (717 kg PV ha-1). The total corn grain yield in succession to pasture was not affected by pasture height management nor by the nitrogen fertilization strategy, with a general average of 14,094 kg ha-1.