Extrato de levedura em dietas com plasma sanguíneo para leitões dos 21 aos 60 dias de idade

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Cinthia Maria Carlos
• Orientador(a): Donzele, Juarez Lopes
• Banca de defesa: Brustolini, Paulo César , Hannas, Melissa Izabel
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Nucleotídeo; Plasma; Suínos; Desempenho; Morfometria intestinal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Nucleotide; Plasma; Pigs; Performance; Intestine morphometry
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5687

To evaluate the inclusion of yeast extract (YE), on the diets of the pigs replacing partially the plasma over the performance (FW &#8211; final weight, DWG &#8211; daily weight gain, DFI &#8211; daily food intake and FC &#8211; food conversion) and the pigs intestine morphometry at the age of 21 days, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, 120 animals were used, from 21 days to 35 days of age, and distributed in experimental randomized block design, constituted by five diets (4.0 % of PL; 2.0 % of PL with 0.0; 1.0; 2.0 or 3.0% of YE) six replicates and four pigs per experimental unit. To evaluate the duodenum and jejunum morphometry, a 35 days old subject was slaughtered per experimental unit. In the second experiment 105 piglets were used, from 21 days to 60 days of age. From the weaning (21 days of age) to 35 days of age, the piglets were fed with a diet that generated the best performance on the first experiment. At the age of 36 days, the piglets were distributed in experimental randomized block design, constituted by five diets (2.0 % of PL; 1.0% of PL with 0.0; 1.0; 2.0; or 3.0% of YE) seven replicates and three pigs per experimental unit. From 50 days to 60 days of age, the animals were fed with only one diet. It was noticed, on the first experiment from 21 to 35 days, that the levels of YE + PL affected (P<0.10) quadratically the DFI and the FW increasing both to a level of 1.91%; DWG and FC were not affected (P>0.10). When comparing the diets containing different levels of YE with the basal diet, it was noticed that the diet containing 2.0% PL + 2.0 YE generated the biggest FW and the diet containing 2.0% PL + 1.0% YE resulted in the worst FC (P<0.10). The height of intestinal villi and the duodenum crypt depth were affected (P<0.10) quadratically by the YE levels obtaining the best levels 1.64 and 1.16% respectively. The ratio villi/crypt increased (P<0.10) linearly with the increase of YE levels. The jejunum morphometry variables were not affected (P>0.10) by the YE levels. There wasn&#8217;t any difference (P>0.10) in the duodenum and jejunum morphometries when comparing diets containing YE levels with the basal diet. In the second experiment, from 36 to 49 days of age, none of the performance variables was affected (FW, DWG, DFI, FC) (P>1.0). From 50 days to 60 days of age, the quadratic influence (P<1.0) of the YE on the DFI and DWG was noticed, increasing its levels until the level of 1.67%; however, the effect (P>0.10) of the YE on the FC was not detected. When comparing the diets containing YE with the basal diet, the diet with 1.0% PL + 2.0% YE was the one with the best FC. The conclusion is that the inclusion of 1.91 and 1.67% YE on piglets diets from 21 days to 35 days of age and from 36 days to 49 days of age respectively, allows partially the replacement of 50% of plasma on the diet, which can reduce its inclusions from 4.0 to 2.0% and from 2.0 to 1.0% on the distinct phases.