Construindo os conceitos básicos da trigonometria no triângulo retângulo: uma proposta a partir da manipulação de modelos

• Ano de defesa: 2000
• Autor(a) principal: Lindegger, Luiz Roberto de Moura
• Orientador(a): Magina, Sandra Maria Pinto
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação Matemática
• Departamento: Educação
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Matematica > Estudo e ensino; Trigonometria; Educacao matematica; Trigonometria basica
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::MATEMATICA
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11216

This work aimed at investigating an approach to the teaching of trigonometry in the right triangle, where it was intended to present the concepts underlying the trigonometric ratios sine, cosine and tangent from the manipulation of models. We had, as the research hypothesis the development of a teaching sequence involving problem-situations, from simple, contextualized, concrete questions. Such environment will act as a facilitator for both construction and acquisition of the concepts of trigonometry. We have worked with two groups, both from the 8th grade within the Fundamental Education, one considered the reference group (RG) and the other the experimental one (EG). At EG, the teaching sequence which is the object of the present research was applied, with a constructivist theoretical framework based on the cognitive psychology by Vygotsky and Vergnaud, and also on the French didactics of Brousseau. At RG, the approach to trigonometry was the so-called traditional one (the presentation of definitions followed by exercises). Both groups have undergone two individual tests: a pre-test before the introduction of the concepts of trigonometrical reasons and another, a post-test after they had been presented this content. The analysis of the results involved two steps: quantitative and qualitative analysis of the diagnostical instruments. To sum up, as for general performance of both groups in the tests, we can say that EG has presented a satisfactory and superior performance in comparison to RG. As we had a limited sample we do not mean to replicate our results beyond the universe of the present research. Nevertheless, we have obtained significant clues on the teaching-learning process of the content. The most valuable experience involved the realization that the process of construction of the trigonometrical basic concepts is enhanced when it begins from the solution of concrete problems engendered in reality, driven to formal problems, when the concepts gain broader and more abstract meanings