História social da criança negra e o racismo no Brasil: uma revisão crítica sobre apagamento, invisibilização e os desafios e possibilidades para seu enfrentamento

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Nova, Adeildo Vila
• Orientador(a): Yazbek, Maria Carmelita
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Sociais
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Racismos; Crianças negras; Serviço Social; História social
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Racism; Black children; Social work; Social history
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::SERVICO SOCIAL
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/45023

The main objective of this research journey is to review the bibliography that deals with the social history of our country, especially with regard to the history of black childhood in Brazil, preparing a critical review of this history, pointing out the absences and the invisible presences, and reflecting on the challenges and possibilities in the present day and the role of the State in overcoming these violations. Seeking to identify and critically discuss the social history of black childhood in Brazil is also to discuss and try to understand the process of social formation of our society from a perspective that highlights the leading role of these children and adolescents who, together with their mothers, also had to work from an early age. It is to bring out of anonymity this segment of the child and youth population that is also present in the historical roots of the social formation of Brazil and that is rarely remembered. There is a historiography of children, but from a perspective much more focused on white children, of royalty, of the ruling class, of the big house, to the detriment of black children who were enslaved, of the slave quarters, of the quilombros. It is this visibility that I intend to point out to these black children and adolescents who, both during the period of Brazil's formation and in contemporary times, are made invisible and suffer social erasure (in a socially objective way and in the subjectivity of the “little” subjects), expressions of our racism, which has its objectivity in the most diverse dimensions in our daily lives. Faced with the proposed challenge and its political and ideological dimension, bibliographic research emerges as an important strategy for obtaining the information and relationships necessary for establishing a methodology that encompasses the various means of disseminating and disseminating the history, complete or not, of children in Brazil. Bibliographic research requires a complex process of organization and discipline from the researcher in all phases of its elaboration. By surveying the bibliography and the information contained in it, the researcher begins to recognize the information that dialogues with their object/subject of study. The analysis and reflection of the information collected allows them to establish some thematic, linguistic, and chronological parameters, identifying the main sources. All procedures, as well as the criticism that one wishes to make of the information collected, need to be anchored in a method, which must be clearly explained, otherwise there is a risk of misleading analyses. This constitutes one of the first pieces of information that must be considered and put into practice so that all actions involving the research are permeated by the assumptions of the chosen method, namely, dialectical historical materialism. Racism, in its most varied expressions and configurations, has often been used to control, contain, arrest and exterminate the black population in Brazil, especially young people and those living in the outskirts of the city, culminating in the significant genocide observed in our country. This results in high rates of incarceration and homicide among this segment of the population, which is reflected in the violation of the rights of children and adolescents who have been increasingly institutionalized and suffering the most diverse forms of mistreatment. It can be inferred, based on the critical analyses and discussions reflected and listed in this study, that there is, in fact, a close correspondence between racism and the socio-educational exclusion of black children and adolescents. That there is an amalgamation between both. That in this exclusion of black children there is a motivation that is also racial, that is racist