Perfil de pacientes diabéticos inscritos em ambulatório de retina de hospital especializado em oftalmologia de Sorocaba-SP: contribuições para educação em saúde

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Campos, Isabel Redondo de
• Orientador(a): Senger, Maria Helena
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação nas Profissões da Saúde
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Retinopatia diabética; Diabetes Mellitus; Complicações do Diabetes; Educação em Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Diabetic Retinopathy; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Complications; Health Education
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9511

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It is the leading cause of adult blindness in working age in developed countries. The study aimed to analyze the profile of diabetic patients, treated at the retina ambulatory at Sorocaba´s Ophthalmology Hospital and to identify the knowledge of those patients on DM and DR. A questionnaire was developed and applied by the researcher to 46 patients (n=100%) from January to March 2015. The results showed that from the 46 subjects (all coming from Sorocaba or region, with DM confirmed by medical record data), 27 (58.7%) are male. The median age was 62.5 years (range: 41-79 years). Twenty-two patients (47.8%) were retired and 34 (73.9%) reported earning between one and three times the minimum wage. Most of the subjects said that they are overweight (n = 19; 41.3%) or obese (n = 13, 28.3%) and believed their diabetes control was regular. Regarding education, 41.3% attended between one to eight years of school and 10.9% reported to be illiterate. Regarding the type of DM, 23 (50%) did not know the type. The data records were incomplete in this classification. The most reported complication was DR, with the total of 23 (50%) patients, while 17 (36.9%) claimed to have no complication of DM. Only 21.8% could name ophthalmoscopy as indicated for ophthalmic evaluation. The most mentioned reason for seeking treatment was for partial loss of vision (50%). Only 35.0% of patients have participated in an education group in DM. The patients showed low levels of knowledge about their chronic disease as well as on the DR, on the examination required for early detection of this complication and on the measure needed to preserve eye health, even by those who reported prior participation in education groups in DM. It can be said that these programs, besides reaching a small proportion of patients, had poor results in the appropriation of knowledge about DM by this group. It was concluded that systematic education programs must be implemented in all health care levels, due to gaps in the patients previous knowledge to revert the appropriation of new knowledge and attitudes about the DM