Desenvolvimento e caracterização de microemulsões contendo o óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Assis, Karoll Moangella Andrade de
• Orientador(a): Sanches, Fatima Aparecida Castriani
• Banca de defesa: Medeiros, Francinalva Dantas de , Mendonça, Elisangela Afonso de Moura
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual da Paraíba
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - PPGCF
• Departamento: Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa - PRPGP
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Microemulsões; Plantas medicinais; Óleo essencial; Fitoterapia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Essential oil; Microemulsions
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.uepb.edu.br/handle/123456789/73294

Medicinal plants are being widely used for various applications ranging from prevention to the treatment of various diseases. The species Melaleuca alternifolia is a medicinal plant rich in essential oil, which has been used in the production of cosmetics and other pharmaceutical forms, due to the innumerable activities, among them its wide spectrum of antimicrobial action. In view of this, the present work aims to develop and characterize the microemulsions containing the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (OEM). Initially there was commercial samples analysis of OEMs through Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (CG/MS). After elucidation of the chromatographic profile, the selected oil was submitted to the Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and refractive index tests. For the development of the microemulsions, the phase diagram in the 9: 1 ratio of surfactant and cosurfactant was elaborated. The characterization of the system was performed through the organoleptic characteristics, pH, refractive index, conductivity curve, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy, scattering, as well as the rheological behavior of the samples in question An analytical method of CG/MS was developed and validated in order to allow the quantification of the OEM. The centrifugation, thermal stress and ice-defrost cycles were also performed to evaluate the preliminary stability. In vivo tests were also performed to analyze the anti-inflammatory, healing and antimicrobial activity of ME. From the chromatographic analysis of the essential oils, it was observed that only the OEM of the company By Samia® was within the standard required by ISO 4730, and it was used to conduct the study. The results obtained by FTIR and refractive index observed that the selected OEM was in agreement with the literature. After the construction of the diagram, the formulation with suitable properties for topical application was selected, with the incorporation of the OEM made in the ratio of 3.45%.Through the analyzes of morphological characterization it was possible to indicate that the system under study is a bi-continuous ME. The evaluated formulation presented physical-chemical characteristics that allow its use by the topical route. Rheologically, the samples were characterized as a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid, presenting thixotropy. The chromatographic method developed showed specificity, precision, accuracy, linearity with r squared above 0.99%, limit of detection of 22.16 ppm and limit of quantification of 73.86 ppm, showing to be in accordance with the current recommendations. A maximal recovery of the pharmacological marker (terpinen-4-ol) was obtained from the extraction method used. With regard to stability, the samples were stable to the centrifugation test. However, there were indications of instability in the systems in the thermal stress and ice-melt cycle tests. From these results, it was possible to conclude that the developed system may be promising for topical application, being pertinent to perform tests to evaluate its activity. Through the in vivo test the ME-OEM proved to be efficient in the healing process of cutaneous wounds, besides showing antibacterial activity in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.