A influência da feminilização da Aids sobre a prática da enfermeira em relação ao aleitamento materno

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Pace, Francisleine de Souza
• Orientador(a): Penna, Lucia Helena Garcia
• Banca de defesa: Araújo, Carla Luzia França , Progianti, Jane Márcia
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem
• Departamento: Centro Biomédico::Faculdade de Enfermagem
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Amamentação - Aspectos da saúde; Enfermagem na saúde e higiene da mulher; Enfermagem - Prática; AIDS (Doença) em mulheres; Infecções por HIV; Amamentação; HIV; Prática de enfermagem; Saúde da mulher
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Breastfeeding; HIV; Nursing practice; Women's health
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM
• Link de acesso: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11214

This is a qualitative research whose object is the nurse s perception about the practice of breastfeeding in the context of the feminization of Aids." The objectives: to analyze the maternity nurses perceptions on breastfeeding practices and the feminization of Aids and discuss the nurse's practice in relation to breastfeeding from the feminization of Aids. The subjects of the study were nine nurses from three maternity hospitals in Rio de Janeiro which possess the title Hospital Amigo da Criança . Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. The technique of content analysis was based on Bardin. Three categories emerged: 1) The nurse s perception about her/his practice regarding breastfeeding, 2) The nurse s perceptions on the feminization of Aids, 3) The nursing practice in relation to breastfeeding from the feminization of Aids. We found out that nurses perceive their practice in relation to breastfeeding under the influence of public policies that aim its promotion and protection, as the Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança and Alojamento Conjunto . Regarding Aids, the advent of the feminization surprised the nurses who react with anger, sadness, fear and anxiety. These feelings are justified, because to them, thinking soropositivity in women means to deprive them from exercising their full sexual and reproductive health, in other words, the socially expected roles of a woman as to become a mother and to breastfeed. The social and sexual condition of women (gender) also emerged from interviews as determinants for soropositivity. Realizing their practice to HIV positive women in maternity wards, the nurses pointed the difficulties created by the dichotomy (breastfeeding promotion and inhibition of lactation) for both them, professionally, and the women who cannot breastfeed. The process of feminization and the investment and resources toward it led to changes in nursing practice, which refered to more security with the availability of fast HIV testing and training courses for the professionals. Besides the practice focused on technical issues, the nurses pointed to a new approach to HIV positive women, as the intention of not exposing them to other mothers in rooming wards. Thus, we found out that the changes in the nurse s practices are related to the establishment of public policies for breastfeeding and HIV / Aids. Personal values continue to influence the practice of nurses and Aids is still seen as a disease with both social and cultural stigmas. We emphasize the need for strategies that can reduce the divergence between the Policies Encouraging Breastfeeding and the ones for Prevention of Vertical Transmission in order to qualify the practice of nursing women living with HIV.