Efeito transgeracional da obesidade materna por superalimentação precoce sobre os parâmetros biométricos da prole na vida adulta

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Lucas Araújo
• Orientador(a): Gomes, Rodrigo Mello
• Banca de defesa: Gomes, Rodrigo Mello, Miranda, Rosiane Aparecida, Costa, Renata Mazaro e
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (ICB)
• Departamento: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB (RMG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Programação metabólica; Obesidade; DOHaD; Metabolismo; Insulina; Hipotálamo
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Metabolic programming; Obesity; Metabolism; Insulin; Hypothalamus
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA::FARMACOLOGIA GERAL
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/12505

Among the most prevalent non-communicable diseases today, obesity stands out at increasing levels each year. More recent data from the World Health Organization (WHO) indicate that about 650 million adults are obese, that is, many of these individuals are of reproductive age. Based on this information, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of obesity induced by the maternal postnatal overfeeding model on metabolic parameters in the offspring of Wistar rats in adulthood. For this, non-obese Wistar rats with 70 days of age were placed to cross with non-obese rats, constituting the F0 generation. Three days after conception of the first generation (F1), litter reduction was carried out in the proportion of 3 female animals per litter constituted by the reduced litter group (Small Litter, SL) and 9 female animals per litter for the control groups (Normal Litter, NL). At 70 days of age, F1 rats were crossed with non-obese rats and after conception of the second generation (F2), litters were standardized to 6 pups per mother (3 male pups and 3 female pups). After weaning, the F2 generation was separated into the following experimental groups: male and female offspring from NL mothers: M-NLO and F-NLO; and pups from SL mothers: M-SLO and F-SLO. The pups were followed up to 120 days of age, when euthanasia and sample collection were performed. Both M-SLO and F-SLO offspring had higher food intake and body mass gain throughout the experimental period, presented obese phenotype, increased pancreas mass and pancreatic islet area. However, biochemical analyzes revealed that only the M-SLO offspring had an increase in plasma concentrations of glucose and triglycerides. Molecular analyzes also showed that only the M-SLO offspring had a reduction in the expression of PI3K and p-AKT/AKT ratio in the hypothalamus. Taken together, our data evidence that postnatal maternal overfeeding induces an obese phenotype in both male and female offspring during adulthood, as well as pancreatic islet remodeling. However, only in male offspring dysregulation of biochemical parameters and of the insulin pathway in the hypothalamus was observed, evidencing a sex-specific mechanism.