Um estudo sobre referências não-inerciais no espaço-tempo de Minkowski e os efeitos da aceleração em relógios atômicos/

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Patrício José Félix da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Física; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Física; Relatividade especial ou restrita; Referenciais não-inerciais; Princípio físico da localidade; Relógios atômicos acelerados; Espaçotempo de Minkowski; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/8012

A coordinate system has the function to locate the space-time events with respect to a reference system. The construction of the coordinate system depends crucially on the notion of simultaneity associated with the reference. However, there is no natural way, or privileged, set concurrency for non-inertial reference frames, even in Minkowski spacetime. Each procedure leads to different coordinate systems. In this paper, we discuss some methods well known in the literature. We studied the coordinates Rindler, Fermi-Walker radar coordinates and emission coordinates (or GPS). The Rindler coordinate system is one of the prominent systems because it allows to simulate some properties of the geometry of the black hole in a flat space-time. The Rindler coordinates are associated with a family of uniformly accelerated observers who obey the relationship a = (1 / ρ), where is the actual acceleration of the observer and ρ its initial position with respect to some inertial reference system. In this paper, we propose a method for constructing coordinate systems suitable for observers whose acceleration depends on the initial position of the general form a = a (ρ) using this physical principle of locality. The Rindler coordinate system appears as a feature of our generalization. Other particular cases allow us to discuss the relationship between the non-Euclidean geometry of space sections and accelerated reference frames, as was originally proposed by Einstein. Moreover, with the generalization can simulate the behavior of static observers both near the horizon of a black hole, which are subject to a kind of acceleration field (ρ) = 1 / ρ, as in remote areas, for which the (ρ) = 1 / ρ2. In the latter two cases, ρ is from the accelerated observer to the event horizon. With the intention of analyzing the effects of instantaneous acceleration of the rate of atomic clocks, we consider a free massive particle in a box of infinite walls, which is drawn by observers of Rindler. We assume that the particle obeys the Klein-Gordon equation and so we found the frequencies of the stationary states of the system. The transitions between the stationary states are used to set a default frequency for our atomic clock toy. Comparing the accelerated system power spectrum with the energy spectrum of a similar system in an inertial frame, we determined the influence of instantaneous acceleration of the rate of atomic clocks.