Fatores de transfer?ncia de elementos-tra?o do solo para plantas de couve-flor (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) no munic?pio de Nova Friburgo-RJ

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Matos, Talita de Santana
• Orientador(a): Amaral Sobrinho, Nelson Moura Brasil do
• Banca de defesa: Amaral Sobrinho, Nelson Moura Brasil do, Zonta, Everaldo, P?rez, Daniel Vidal, Chagas, C?lio Ign?cio, Gonz?lez, Jos? Manuel Febles
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo
• Departamento: Instituto de Agronomia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Insumos agr?colas; Valores oriendadores; Transfer?ncia raiz-parte a?rea; Taxa de ingest?o di?ria
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Agricultural inputs; Standard values; Transference root-shoots; Daily intake rates
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Agronomia
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3082

This study aimed to identify the main environmental factors (soil, lithology, slope) as well as cultural practices responsible for the transfer of trace elements from soil to cauliflower, plants in Nova Friburgo-RJ. In Chapter I, the natural content of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were estimated in soils with little or no anthropic interference. For this 62 points. The trace elements were extracted using the 3051A method (USEPA, 2007) and the extract were analyzed by ICP-OES. Classification functions were obtained for natural contents of trace element based on the pH-Mg-Fe-Mn variables, which best explained the contents variations. The establishment of 75 percentileof the groups was proposed. In Chapter II, the main factors of soil contamination by trace elements in cauliflower areas in the Barrac?o dos Mendes microbasin, Nova Friburgo-RJ. During the winter harvest of 2013, samples of agricultural inputs used in16 family farms were collected in soil and whole plants. In the soil and plant samples the trace elements contents, chemical attributes and granulometry were determined. The amount of trace elements incorporated trough fertlizers was determined by the amount used in a hectare and the products content of trace elements. To determine the quantity incorporated by fertilizers it was considered mineral fertilization and organic fertilization. Fertilizers were the major contamination source. There was a wide variation in the trace elements content in soils and, demonstrating in all case samples with levels below and above the natural values. For the elements Mn, Ni, Cr and Pb the variation means were negative, i.e., most of the samples were below the estimated natural values (Chapter I), indicating an impoverishment in the soil. On the other hand, for Cu, Cd and Zn, the variation averages were positive, indicating enrichment. Trough grouping analysis the samples were classified into 2 groups. The lowest values for most of the elements were found in Group 1, in which samples were collected in areas with greater slope, indictaing influence of relief on the accumulation of these elements. In chapter III the factors of transfer of trace elements from the soil to cauliflower plants were evaluated. For Zn, Cu and Cd the extraction by the plants was inferior to that provided by the mineral fertilizers. The results corroborate those found in Chapter II, since the variations of Cu, Zn and Cd values were positive. The total of extracted Pb, Ni and Cr was superior to those treatments with mineral fertilizers. For majority of the elements, the available soil contents (Mehlich-1) showed a close and positive relationship with total amount accumulated in cauliflower plants, including edible part, and negative relation with pH, organic matter and clay content. The factors which had greatest influence on transfer of trace elements from soil to cauliflower plants were the load of metals introduced by fertilization, mainly by mineral fertilization, relief and soil ch pH, MO and clay. High transfer rates of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and Mn were observed, with about 80% of the total amount translocated from root to shoot. The edible part of cauliflower plants presented around 29.45% and 32.87% of Cd and Pb, respectively, higher than the limits considered tolerable. The estimated values to daily intake of Cd per 100 g of cauliflower consumed by an adult weighing 70 kg in the three scenarios (0.025 mg.kg-1, 0.05 mg.kg-1 and 0.1 mg.kg-1 of couliflower in natura) would be, respectively, 3.57%, 7.14% and 14.24% higher than the maximum value of Cd determined, and in children it would be 5.71, 11.42, 22.84% of the maximum value.