Biodegradação de efluentes sanitários no estuário do Rio Poxim em Aracaju/SE

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Carina Siqueira de
• Orientador(a): Marques, José Jailton
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biodegradação em meio estuarino; Impacto ambiental; Políticas públicas
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Biodegradation in estuarine environment; Environmental impact; Public policy
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::OUTROS
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4289

Cities are usually associated to development and environmental impacts caused by urban settlements. The increase in population density also means growth in waste generated, mainly due to municipal sewage. In the case of Aracaju city, data indicate that only 31.8% of household waste are collected and the remainding is discarded in natura in drainage channels and in estuaries. In this environment, organic matter undergoes biodegradation in conditions quite different from those as freshwater medium, especially with regard to osmotic pressure, which varies under the influence of tides (salinity). This study aimed to study the biodegradation of municipal sewage in estuarine environment in the laboratory scale, to assess the environmental impact associated with the disposal of effluents in this medium. The salinities tested were: 1, 2 and 3.5%, the concentrations of organic matter (expressed in terms of BOD) were 150, 200 and 250 mg/L, using real water (water collected in the estuary. The control parameters measured during the experiments were the concentration of dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature and the parameters analyzed in the samples were total suspended solids and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), according to Clesceri et al. (1998). The results showed that the microorganisms used are classified as halophilous. The kinetic coefficients indicate that, for salinities around 2%, the growth rate is maximum, and the substrate rate consumption, but these values are low compared to the freshwater matrix coefficients. The speed of growth decreases with the increase of concentration substrate, confirming that the kinetics is a Monod type. To conclude, the salt concentration affects significantly the microbial growth and the substrate, even in the situations where the microorganisms are adapted to the environmental conditions the natural reconstruction process of an estuary is slow, if ceased pollution sources. Therefore, there is a great necessity to develop public policies for environmental sanitation in Aracaju city (SE).