Estado nutricional e condições de saúde dos idosos residentes no município de Viçosa - MG

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Clarissa de Matos
• Orientador(a): Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castro
• Banca de defesa: Acúrcio, Francisco de Assis , Peixoto, Sérgio William Viana
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Ciência da Nutrição
• Departamento: Valor nutricional de alimentos e de dietas; Nutrição nas enfermidades agudas e crônicas não transmis
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Condições de saúde; Idosos; Estado nutricional; Capacidade funcional; Perímetro de cintura; Índice de massa corporal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Health conditions; Elderly; Nutritional status; Functional capacity; Waist circumference; Body mass index
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2726

Nutritional status interferes with the aging of the population. Assessing the conditions of the elderly is important to establish relationships between functional capacity, morbidity and nutritional status. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and health conditions of elderly residents in the municipality of Viçosa (MG). The sectional study was conducted on a random sampling of 621 elderly aged 60 or more who were residents in Viçosa (MG) in 2009. The interviews were at home and a questionnaire containing sociodemographic information and health conditions was applied. The weight, height and waist circumference (WC) was measured and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated; this was classified according to the cutoff points proposed by Lipschitz (1994). For the classification of the WC we used the cutoff points proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) (1998). Functional capacity was assessed through difficulty or the need for help in performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in accordance to the scales of Katz et al. (1963) and Lawton e Brody (1969), respectively. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and inadequate functional capacity and its association with sociodemographic factors and health conditions selected was estimated. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research of the Federal University of Viçosa. Of the participants, 53.3% (n = 331) were female, with a median age of 69 (60-98). The prevalence of overweight individuals was 39.9% and greater in women (p <0.001) and a tendency to decrease with age for both genders, but this reduction was significant only in the elderly (p = 0.03). Overweightness was positively associated with the female gender and a history of arthritis/arthrosis and negatively with smoking and an age greater than or equal to 80. Low weight was higher in males (18.2%), increased with advancing age and was associated with worse health perception. With regard to inadequate functional capacity, this presented a prevalence of 16.2%. With aging, a trend of increasing in the inadequate capacity in men (p = 0.003) and women (p <0.001) was observed. Factors independently associated with inadequate functional capacity were found in elderly 80 years of age or older, with worse health perception, restrictions of usual activities because of health problems, physical inactivity and a history of five or more diseases. In the association between BMI and WC with low functional capacity, overweightness was associated positively and significantly with activities of daily living in men (ADL) (OR=2.6, 95% IC: 1.2-6.0) and the largest WC was associated positively and significantly with ADL (OR = 2.2, 95% IC: 1.1-4.3) in men. For women, WC was not associated with inadequate functional capacity, but excess weight was associated with low functional capacity only when adjusted for sociodemographic variables. Given these results, the elderly in Viçosa presented a high prevalence of overweightness. Inadequate functional capacity increased with age in both sexes and was more prevalent in women. Thus, attention should be given to elderly people with excess weight and inadequate functional capacity, since they are more prone to chronic diseases, and this relationship in turn affects the quality of life in this age group.