Bioecologia de Symmetrischema dulce (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) em pimenta

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Perez, André Lage
• Orientador(a): Venzon, Madelaine
• Banca de defesa: Pinto, Cleide Maria Ferreira , Picanço, Marcelo Coutinho
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Entomologia
• Departamento: Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Symmetrischema dulce; Neosilba sp.; Parasitoides; Azadirachta indica; Capsicum frutescens
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Symmetrischema dulce; Neosilba sp.; Parasitoids; Azadirachta indica; Capsicum frutescens
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3953

The pepper-fruit-borer Symmetrischema dulce Povolny (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and the chilli fly Neosilba sp. McAlpine (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) are the most important pest of the red pepper therefore cause large yield losses for fruit production and may directly affect the entire production chain. Despite the importance of these pests, there is a lack of knowledge about its biology, ecology and control strategies. Thus this work aims to study the bio-ecological aspects of these pests, with emphasis on S. dulce, due to its greater abundance and an alternative form of pest control. So this dissertation is divided into three chapters. In chapter 1 we studied the biology and reproduction of S. dulce in red pepper fruits. In chapter 2 we studied the vertical distribution in plants of red pepper and a preference for the maturation phase of S. dulce and Neosilba sp. and their parasitoids. In chapter 3 we tested the pest control potential of a neem-based product on S. dulce on the crop. According to the biological results obtained, the egg stage presented 94.48%, of viability and lasted on average of 4.07 days. The larval stage lasted on average 10.72 days, with four instars and total viability of 66.6%. The pupal stage lasted 9.61 days with an average viability of 94.73%. The adult stage lasted on average 24.14 days. The pre-oviposition period was on average three days and oviposition on average 13.85 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.0035 and finite rate of growth (λ) was 1.00. Each generation (T) lasted 31.21 days. The population has shown the ability to duplicate (TD) in 6.34 days. The results of the bioecological studies show that S. dulce and Neosilba sp. showed no pattern of vertical distribution in the pepper plant, but S. dulce showed higher attack level to the unripe fruits and Neosilba sp. showed higher attack to the ripe fruits. The parasitism rate was 3.03% and parasitoids were obtained both in unripe and ripe fruits, without showing a pattern of vertical distribution. The neem based product tested (Azamax) showed potential for controlling S. dulce, since the abundance of adult S. dulce emerged from fruits of plants sprayed with different Neem concentrations were smaller than in the control plants. The abundance of S. dulce in fruits collected until two weeks after the last neem spraying was smaller than in the control plants.