Annona sylvatica (a. St.-hill) mart: biometria de frutos, desempenho fisiológico de sementes e potencial de uso para porta-enxerto

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Edvan Costa da
• Orientador(a): Villa, Fabíola
• Banca de defesa: Villa, Fabíola , Klosowski, Élcio Silvério , Braga, Gilberto Costa , Silva, Daniel Fernandes da , Peixoto, Nei
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná; Marechal Cândido Rondon
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia
• Departamento: Centro de Ciências Agrárias
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Araticum; Caracterização de frutos; Superação de dormência; Vigor de sementes; Enxertia
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS:AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/5788

The anonaceous cultivated commercially are propagated by grafting, but the obtention of rootstocks is the object of study due to the difficulty of overcoming seed dormancy and compatibility between grafting and rootstock. The aim was to characterize physically the fruits of Annona sylvatica (A. St.-Hill.) Mart, and to evaluate the physiological potential of seeds in overcoming dormancy. As well as, to define patterns of grafting in commercial cups of atemoya. The physical characterization of the fruits was performed and 4 experiments were conducted. For characterization of the fruits, ripe fruits were collected from four native plants (accessions A1, A 2, A3 and A4), in the Experimental Farm, belonging to the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Campus Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR. Longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, fruit biomass, epicarp biomass, fruit pulp, number of seeds and mass of 100 seeds were evaluated. In experiment I, the experimental design was entirely randomized, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme [4 accessions (A1, A2, A3 and A4) x 2 regions of the fruit (proximal and distal) in 500 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid (GA3)]. The first germination count (%) was evaluated on the 15th day after the experiment was set up, and on the 105th day the germination percentage (%), germination speed index and mean germination time (days) were evaluated. The germination of araticum seeds was not influenced by accessions and fruit position. In experiment II: the experimental design was entirely randomized in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme [4 concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 400, 800 and 1200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid GA3 x 4 periods of immersion in the solution (0, 8, 16 and 24 h)]. High concentration (1,000 mg L-1 de GA3) and longer soaking period (24 h) in gibberellic acid promoted greater germination of araticum seeds. For experiment III: it was designed in randomized blocks in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme [4 accessions x 5 soaking periods (0, 18, 20, 22 and 24 h). After 110 days, physiological aspects of emergence and vigor were evaluated. There is difference between the accessions of the specie, the evaluation of the same before collection is necessary, and in the present study access A3 is promising for collection. The experiment IV: was designed in randomized blocks, in factorial scheme 3 x 3 [three methods of grafting (full-thickness grafting, intricate English grafting and (plate budding) x three cultivars (African Pride, Thompson and Gefner)]. The seedlings were evaluated, at 60 days after the grafting: percentage of settlement (%), percentage of sprouting (%), number of sprouts, number of leaves and length of the longest sprout (cm). The method of grafting by full-thickness budding is efficient for the production of pineapple seedlings. The cultivar African Pride can be grafted onto rootstocks by the full slit and complicated english methods of grafting. The rootstock of Annona sylvatica has potential for the production of atemoya seedlings, however grafting by plate grafting is not feasible.