Intervenção nutricional com dieta hipocalórica para manutenção de peso em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Prader Willi

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Vivian Penner de
• Orientador(a): Teixeira, Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Palavras-chave em Português: síndrome de Prader Willi; hiperfagia; obesidade; dieta hipocalórica; crianças; adolescentes
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Prader-Willi syndrome; hyperphagia; obesity; hypocaloric diet; children; adolescents
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/22473

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the lack of expression of the paternal alleles in the proximal region of chromosome 15‟s long arm. In the syndrome some of the following alterations are identified: neurobehavioral, neuroendrocrinal, breathing, psychiatric and nutritional. The main symptom is hyperphagia and its associated comorbidities. In Brazil nutritional intervention programs for PWS patients are scarce. Therefore, the general objective of this study was to implement and assess the efficiency of a specific nutritional program with hypocaloric diet for children and adolescents with Prader-Willi Syndrome. The sample consisted of a group of children and adolescents, age range 6-18 years old (mean age = 13 years old; mean IQ = 58,2/intellectual disability), and their respective mothers. All children presented clinical and cytogenetic-molecular diagnosis for the syndrome. The instruments for data collection were: a) nutritional anamnesis, b) assessment of anthropo-medical measures of weight, height, abdominal circumference and body mass index - BMI, c) report of the last 24 hours, d) Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18). The training and follow-up nutritional program with hypocaloric diet took 10 sessions and lasted 8 months. The strategies used were: workshops, prescriptions, lists of food substitution and recipes, informative tables about calories, prizes (tokens as positive reinforcers). The main results found in the Friedman test indicate that there was a statistically significant difference for the BMI and height. The mean of these values decreased between the first and the last assessment. It was observed a loss of 200g to 6.300g in the body weight. Correlation tests to verify the association between anthropo-medical measures and behavioral problems did not result in statistically significant coefficients. According to data from the nutritional anamnesis and the report of the last 24 hours, it was observed several difficulties faced by mothers to adhere to the program. Although not all anthropo-medical measures presented statistically significant differences, the decrease of weight and BMI reinforces the effectiveness of the program. This kind of low cost initiative can be implemented even in public health services.