Desenvolvimento, implementação e avaliação de um programa de treinamento parental para manejo de comportamentos de crianças e adolescentes com Síndrome de Prader-Willi

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Mesquita, Maria Luiza Guedes de
• Orientador(a): Teixeira, Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz
• Banca de defesa: Carreiro, Luiz Renato Rodrigues , Brunoni, Décio , Bertolla, Márcia Helena da Silva Melo , Pina Neto, João Monteiro de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento
• Departamento: Psicologia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Síndrome de Prader-Willi; comportamento; treinamento parental; obesidade; criança e adolescente
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Prader-Willi Syndrome; behavior; parent training; obesity; children and adolescents.
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/24520

Prader-Willi Syndrom (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the lack of expression of the genes from the paternal chromosome region 15q11-13 that suffer from genomic imprinting. Cardinal symptoms of the disorder are neonatal hypotony, hyporeflexia in the six first months of age and the ulterior development of hyperfagia, obesity, behavioral problems and intellectual disability in varied levels. Studies indicate that, despite the evident neurobiological factors involved in the pattern of hyperfagia and behavioral alterations, parent training is still considered fundamental and one of the most adequate intervention options for children and adolescents with the syndrome. Parenting practices adapted to the main demands of personal care can result not only in improvement in behavioral problems, but also improves indicators of family relations and can cause a reduction of parental mental health problems. The study had the objective of developing, applying and assessing the efficiency of a parent training program for behavioral management of children and adolescents with PWS. The sample was composed of five children/adolescents with genetic diagnosis of PWS, age range 6 to 16 years old. Data collection procedures and tools were: a) Questionnaire for assessing the knowledge of mothers about the syndrome; b) Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6-18 (CBCL/6-18); c) Adult Self-Report for Ages 18-59; d) Parenting Styles Inventory maternal and paternal educational practices; e) anthropometric examination of body weight indicators; f) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children WISC III. The research was composed of four phases: pre-intervention assessment, intervention, post-intervention assessment, follow-up. Parallel to intervention, it was carried out a nutritional intervention program, which was the subject of an MA dissertation developed by the Post-Graduation Program in Development Disorders. Data collected with behavioral assessment tools was analyzed through their specific patterns. Descriptive analysis of the data were carried out through the use of tables and figures of simple frequency and comparison of data related to children, adolescents and mothers that took part in the study at the phases of pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up. The main results indicate that the group presented expressive improvement in all emotional and behavioral aspects, as well as in the indicators of body weight (mainly due to nutritional intervention). Socialization indicators did not present improvement due to the inadequate obtention of food in these socialization environments. Mothers started to adopt parenting educational practices based on positive monitoring, reduced or eliminated the use of risk practices and acknowledged harm effects of the use of negative parenting practices with their children. The study concluded that the group of mothers learned to identify and manage several factors that impaired physical health, behavior and academic performance of their children and the need of the involvement of parents, grandparents and siblings in the proper care and behavioral management of the child with the syndrome.