Manuten??o, preserva??o e perda do bilinguismo: portugu?s/guarani/kaingang na terra ind?gena Guarita-RS

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Frizzo, Celina Eliane
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul; Brasil; Campus Chapec?; Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Estudos Lingu?sticos; UFFS
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bilinguismo; L?nguas ind?genas
• Link de acesso: https://rd.uffs.edu.br/handle/prefix/725

Maintaining and preserving a language is preserving the culture of its people; more than that, language is a matter of identity within society. Based on this assertion, we conducted a research involving the Guarani and Kaingang Indians of the Guarita Indigenous Land, the largest indigenous land in Rio Grande do Sul, it encompasses the municipalities of Erval Seco, Redentora and Tenente Portela, in the northwest of the state, where we currently find 6,001 indians. We aim to identify and describe the main linguistic beliefs and attitudes that make the Guaranis and Kaingangs abandon their linguistic varieties and adopt Portuguese as their communication language. To do so, we selected a total of 24 informants based on the theoretical methodological models of the Pluridimensional and Relational Dialectology (8 Guarani informants, 8 Kaingang informants and 8 non-indigenous informants), methodology which guides our research. The diatopic dimensions (in which we analyze the beliefs and attitudes regarding the use that each community makes of its variety), diastratic, (defined from the context of each of the groups, such as: topodinamic (Td), and topostatic (The Td group is positioned in the upper cells of the cross used in the methodology, and Ts in the lower cells), diagenerational (Generation II (GII), informants with 52 years old or more, and Generation I (GI), informants from 18 to 36 years old) and diasexual (male and female informants). Some requirements were used to select the informants: first, they had to contemplate the particularities of each one of the dimensions, besides being born in the TIG and in the cities of Tenente Portela and Redentora, or to have lived at least ? of their life in those cities and to reside there at the moment. In order to collect the data, we applied a questionnaire and asked the natives to read some texts in Portuguese, Guarani and Kaingang; we also had a free conversation with the informants. In addition to that, we made use of a field notebook to jot down any observations we made while observing the groups. After analyzing the data, we verified that in the Kaingang group men are the ones who most preserve the indigenous language, and in the Guarani group this role belongs to the Ts group. Besides this, we also verified that all informants, both indigenous and f?g/juru?, think it is important to teach the indigenous language to their children, not all indigenous people, however, have taught the language to their children. Furthemore, speaking the indigenous language is a factor of identity for the f?g/juru? group, it is through it that the culture of the indigenous people is preserved. In relation to beliefs and attitudes, we verified that for the indigenous informants, it is important to speak the indigenous language; to teach it at school, moreover, the language identifies the indigenous individuals. However, it is the Portuguese language that has been gaining more space in the lives of many indigenous individuals, to the point of being the only language that some indigenous people speak, putting at risk the indigenous bilingualism.