Estudo etnobotânico de plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC): saberes e sabores da agricultura familiar em São Lourenço do Sul, RS

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Theis, Joan da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas de Produção Agrícola Familiar; UFPel; Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Etnoconhecimento; Soberania alimentar; Segurança alimentar; Agroecologia; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/handle/prefix/4762

Historically, several plants are used in human food, according to the knowledge and culture of each society. However, in the current agri-food system, there is a clear homogenization of food production and supply, which implies underutilization or even neglect of the potential food of a large number of plant species. The main objective of the present work was to rescue the ethnoknowledge related to the called unconventional food plants (PANC), in agroecological or in agroecological transition family farms, in the municipality of São Lourenço do Sul, RS, Brazil. Therefore, a survey of the known and/or locally used PANC species was carried out, based on the reports of the farmers, as well as the characterization of the types and frequency of these uses, the parts consumed and the respective forms of use and preparation. Between January and December 2018, interviews were conducted from a semistructured guide, including fourteen families of farmers, which were selected among those assisted by the Center for Support and Promotion of Agroecology (CAPA) in the municipality. At the same time, in order to assist the taxonomic identification and document the occurrence of the species cited, voucher specimens were collected. In total, 483 citations of PANC were registered, which correspond to 120 species, distributed in 51 families, being Myrtaceae the family with the highest number of PANC species cited. The great majority of the species of PANC cited had frequency of use characterized as "eventual", followed by "frequent". However, a small number of species are in fact part of the daily eating habits of the majority of the farmers interviewed, such as in case of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides, Butia odorata, Ananas bracteatus, Psidium cattleyanum and Araucaria angustifolia. It has been found that the knowledge or consumption in processed form is expressive, as in juices, jellies, schmier (sweet paste in bread to pass), as well as in cooked dishes, baked and fried. However, among the parts indicated for the PANC, the fruits stood out, of which, for the majority, the consumption is in natura. Among the factors observed as important to determine the underutilization of PANC, or the neglect of its local use, is the influence of globalization and homogeneity of eating habits in preference for consumption. That is, these plants have already been and / or continue to be used in food eventually, but most do not arouse interest in their daily use or for economic exploitation. The study demonstrates the importance of valorization of native, native or wild genetic resources still unknown to this potential through research and dissemination, in order to assist in environmental conservation, local cultural valorization, food and nutritional sovereignty and security, and the sustainability of agriculture.