Pedologia e conhecimento local: proposta metodol?gica de interlocu??o entre saberes constru?dos por ped?logos e agricultores em ?rea de cerrado em Rio Pardo de Minas, MG

• Ano de defesa: 2005
• Autor(a) principal: Correia, Jo?o Roberto
• Orientador(a): Anjos, L?cia Helena Cunha dos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo
• Departamento: Instituto de Agronomia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: etnopedologia; conhecimento local; mapeamento de solos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: ethnopedology; local knowledge; soil mapping
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Agronomia
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/309

Although there is a great volume of information about Brazilian soil attributes and their landscape distribution, there are many problems when we try to use the information for land usage planning, mainly of small areas such as in rural communities. For the Cerrado biome, the soil diversity is not adequately expressed in the existent soil surveys. Less than 1% of soils in this biome are mapped in scales more detailed than 1:100.000. Thus, sustainable land management proposals are threatened to fail. Another limitation refers to the language style and form of surveys; they show a low compatibility with the needs of the final users (farmers, environmental planners, extension agents, etc.). Some of the difficulties of translating the pedological information result from not considering the men as a component of the environment. Thus, it is necessary to develop tools for allowing a better use of knowledge, searching to integrate the man and their relationship with natural resources, and to understand how this relationship is established. The objective of this study was to elaborate a landscape hierarchy from the farmers and pedologists point of views, developing, a soil survey adapted to the reality of residents in rural communities, that would take in account the knowledge accumulated by these populations during many generations. The research was done in areas of farmers in Comunidade ?gua Boa 2, municipality of Rio Pardo de Minas, located in the north region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. A collection of methodological procedures is presented along the study they were necessary to develop the research. They include since the initial contact with the farmers till the elaboration of the maps of soil and lands. It is also discussed the aspects related to the relationship farmer-pedologist, important to reach the main objective of the study. The soil survey showed 33 soil map unities, where the Cambissolo H?plico (Inceptisol) was the dominant soil class in the area. The Cambissolos Fl?vicos (Inceptisol), Gleissolos (Aquent) and Neossolos Fl?vicos (Entisol) were the soils elected by the farmers for cultivation. The environmental fragility was show by the soil texture (medium) and slopes above 20%, which dominated in the area, accordingly to the soil parent material. The environment stratification was elaborated from the local landscape definitions ( chapada , charrielo , carrasco , pirambeira , tabuleiro , and baixa ), which allowed to establish relationships between the farmers knowledge with that of the technicians. A Land Map was created, composed of 12 map unities, based on the Pedological Map and in the farmers information. This study showed that it is possible to establish relationships between the fields of knowledge, and that as the SiBCS (Brazilian System of Soil Classification), the farmers also develop their own hierarchy system for land classification. For this comprehension, it is necessary to use tools from ethnography studies. The experience reported allows contributing to strength the bases of a new approach for soil and environmental characterization: the ethnopedology. It is also proposed the creation of environment phases to best position the pedological information when studying areas of small family farmers. A joined work with universities and agriculture technical schools is suggested to form agents qualified to disseminate this new approach.